Laura Moya Santander, José Angel Bergua Amores, Marcos Ruiz Pérez
{"title":"多体与眼中心主义:从眼个体城市到感官参与城市。","authors":"Laura Moya Santander, José Angel Bergua Amores, Marcos Ruiz Pérez","doi":"10.5209/cuts.60741","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"espanolAlgunos autores/as, como Jay (1988, 2003, 2007, 2008), Levin (1988, 1993) o Jenks (1995), han investigado acerca de la influencia del ocularcentrismo en la cultura occidental. Otros/as, como Pallasmaa (2006), han especificado esta influencia en el ambito arquitectonico y urbanistico. Finalmente, a partir de la decada de los ochenta, la antropologia sensorial cuestiono el visualismo del pensamiento y cultura occidentales, haciendo hincapie en trascender este sesgo con el fin de conectar con la experiencia cultural de los sujetos no occidentales. Sin embargo, y atendiendo a los avances en esta ultima disciplina, las taxonomias de los sentidos en las culturas responden a un orden cultural y social determinado por la asignacion de mayor o menor valor a nuestros sentidos. ?Y si cuestionamos dicha taxonomia ocularcentrica dentro de nuestra propia cultura occidental, valiendonos de las experiencias de los cuerpos que resisten a dicha jerarquizacion? En este articulo se analiza como se gesto el ocularcentrismo en la Modernidad y como continua siendo el principal paradigma en la construccion de las ciudades. Mas tarde, atendiendo al desmontaje de dichas taxonomias de la mano de la antropologia sensorial y utilizando la multiplicidad de tecnologias que en nuestro tiempo permiten la sinestesia e interdependencia de los sentidos, se presenta un proyecto multisensorial para habitar la ciudad. Este proyecto tiene por objetivo facilitar a los participantes habitar los espacios urbanos de maneras diversas, alejadas de las formas normalizadas de interaccion. EnglishCertain authors, such as Jay (1988, 2003, 2007, 2008), Levin (1988, 1993) and Jenks (1995), have investigated the influence of ocular-centrism in Western culture. Others such as Pallasmaa (2006) have specifically considered this influence in the architectural and planning context. Finally and since the 1980s, sensory anthropology has questioned the visualism of Western thought and culture, emphasising a need to transcend this bias in order to connect with the cultural experience of non-Western subjects. However, and taking into account the advances of the latter field, cultural taxonomies of the senses follow a cultural and social order that is determined by the assignment of greater or lesser value to our senses. But we may use the experience of bodies that resist this hierarchical process to question the ocular-centric taxonomy present in our own Western culture. This article analyses how ocular-centrism was managed in modernity and how it remains the main paradigm in the construction of the cities. The paper then presents a multisensorial project for inhabiting cities based on the dismantling of said taxonomies through sensory anthropology, making use of the range of contemporary technologies that permit synaesthesia and the interdependence of our senses. 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Finalmente, a partir de la decada de los ochenta, la antropologia sensorial cuestiono el visualismo del pensamiento y cultura occidentales, haciendo hincapie en trascender este sesgo con el fin de conectar con la experiencia cultural de los sujetos no occidentales. Sin embargo, y atendiendo a los avances en esta ultima disciplina, las taxonomias de los sentidos en las culturas responden a un orden cultural y social determinado por la asignacion de mayor o menor valor a nuestros sentidos. ?Y si cuestionamos dicha taxonomia ocularcentrica dentro de nuestra propia cultura occidental, valiendonos de las experiencias de los cuerpos que resisten a dicha jerarquizacion? En este articulo se analiza como se gesto el ocularcentrismo en la Modernidad y como continua siendo el principal paradigma en la construccion de las ciudades. Mas tarde, atendiendo al desmontaje de dichas taxonomias de la mano de la antropologia sensorial y utilizando la multiplicidad de tecnologias que en nuestro tiempo permiten la sinestesia e interdependencia de los sentidos, se presenta un proyecto multisensorial para habitar la ciudad. Este proyecto tiene por objetivo facilitar a los participantes habitar los espacios urbanos de maneras diversas, alejadas de las formas normalizadas de interaccion. EnglishCertain authors, such as Jay (1988, 2003, 2007, 2008), Levin (1988, 1993) and Jenks (1995), have investigated the influence of ocular-centrism in Western culture. Others such as Pallasmaa (2006) have specifically considered this influence in the architectural and planning context. Finally and since the 1980s, sensory anthropology has questioned the visualism of Western thought and culture, emphasising a need to transcend this bias in order to connect with the cultural experience of non-Western subjects. 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Multicorporalidad frente a ocularcentrismo: de la ciudad ojo-individuo a la ciudad sensorial-participada.
espanolAlgunos autores/as, como Jay (1988, 2003, 2007, 2008), Levin (1988, 1993) o Jenks (1995), han investigado acerca de la influencia del ocularcentrismo en la cultura occidental. Otros/as, como Pallasmaa (2006), han especificado esta influencia en el ambito arquitectonico y urbanistico. Finalmente, a partir de la decada de los ochenta, la antropologia sensorial cuestiono el visualismo del pensamiento y cultura occidentales, haciendo hincapie en trascender este sesgo con el fin de conectar con la experiencia cultural de los sujetos no occidentales. Sin embargo, y atendiendo a los avances en esta ultima disciplina, las taxonomias de los sentidos en las culturas responden a un orden cultural y social determinado por la asignacion de mayor o menor valor a nuestros sentidos. ?Y si cuestionamos dicha taxonomia ocularcentrica dentro de nuestra propia cultura occidental, valiendonos de las experiencias de los cuerpos que resisten a dicha jerarquizacion? En este articulo se analiza como se gesto el ocularcentrismo en la Modernidad y como continua siendo el principal paradigma en la construccion de las ciudades. Mas tarde, atendiendo al desmontaje de dichas taxonomias de la mano de la antropologia sensorial y utilizando la multiplicidad de tecnologias que en nuestro tiempo permiten la sinestesia e interdependencia de los sentidos, se presenta un proyecto multisensorial para habitar la ciudad. Este proyecto tiene por objetivo facilitar a los participantes habitar los espacios urbanos de maneras diversas, alejadas de las formas normalizadas de interaccion. EnglishCertain authors, such as Jay (1988, 2003, 2007, 2008), Levin (1988, 1993) and Jenks (1995), have investigated the influence of ocular-centrism in Western culture. Others such as Pallasmaa (2006) have specifically considered this influence in the architectural and planning context. Finally and since the 1980s, sensory anthropology has questioned the visualism of Western thought and culture, emphasising a need to transcend this bias in order to connect with the cultural experience of non-Western subjects. However, and taking into account the advances of the latter field, cultural taxonomies of the senses follow a cultural and social order that is determined by the assignment of greater or lesser value to our senses. But we may use the experience of bodies that resist this hierarchical process to question the ocular-centric taxonomy present in our own Western culture. This article analyses how ocular-centrism was managed in modernity and how it remains the main paradigm in the construction of the cities. The paper then presents a multisensorial project for inhabiting cities based on the dismantling of said taxonomies through sensory anthropology, making use of the range of contemporary technologies that permit synaesthesia and the interdependence of our senses. The aim of this project is to enable participants to inhabit urban spaces in diverse ways that differ from the normalised forms of interaction.
期刊介绍:
ARQ is a journal of the School of Architecture of the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile and is part of the periodical publications of the University. ARQ is a quarterly publication aimed at professionals and academics, and dedicated to the dissemination of a critical selection of the architecture of Chile and South America and its related disciplines of ARQ Each issue addresses a theme that gives way to the editing, prioritizing excellence and variety of items, both papers as works and projects. The relationship with the academic world allows a permanent contact with international journals of architecture, with whom we develop regular exchanges.