Sensitive voltammetry method for analysis of the antioxidant pyrogallol using a carbon paste electrode with CdS nanoparticle

A voltammetry method for the determination of pyrogallol (PY) was developed employing a carbon paste electrode (CPE) modified with CdS nanoparticle that was synthesized by microwave. The effect of different parameters i.e. time and irradiation power on the morphology and the sample’s particle size have been investigated. The synthesized nanostructures were characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The optimized condition for time and power consumption to prepare CdS nanoparticles was obtained 4 min and 360 W. Cyclic voltammetry study of the modified electrode indicated that the oxidation potential shifted towards a lower potential by approximately 106 mV and the peak current was enhanced by 2 fold in comparison to the bare CPE. The effect of pH and interferences from some inorganic salts and organic compounds were studied. The usability of this method for the quantification of pyrogallol was investigated with differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Under the optimal conditions, the peak current was proportional to pyrogallol concentration in the range of 7.0 ×10-7 to 3.0 × 10-4 mol L-1 with a LOD of 4.8 × 10-7 mol L-1. These values are satisfactory for application to real samples. Finally, the developed method was successfully used for the analysis of  samples.