盖奇将军来到塞勒姆:利益、意识形态、身份和家庭联盟在美国革命前夕发生冲突

IF 0.2 Q2 HISTORY
R. Morris
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引用次数: 0

摘要

波士顿倾茶事件和港口法案通过后,新上任的马萨诸塞总督托马斯·盖奇将军将政府所在地迁至塞勒姆。盖奇一到,塞勒姆48名保皇党议员和125名辉格党议员发表了措辞激烈的演说,欢迎他的到来。演说表现出截然不同的政治意识形态;然而,签名者的背景表明,每个团体都接受符合其利益的观点。一方面,保皇党支持一种促进秩序、稳定和法治的政体,这种政体有利于与前总督托马斯·哈钦森(Thomas Hutchinson)领导的海湾殖民地政治机构有着密切亲属关系的古老精英家族。另一方面,辉格党要求政府保护人民的权利,特别是他们的财产权。这适合工匠、大师傅和新兴商人,他们决心保留从英国人那里获得的微薄或最近获得的财产,萨勒米人声称,英国人“有兴趣为自己的救济而给我们施加负担”。辉格党签署者试图保护的财产有多种用途。它提供了经济保障,是个人自由、男性自豪感和在政府中发声的源泉。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
General Gage Comes to Salem: Interests, Ideologies, Identities, and Family Alliances Collide on the Eve of the American Revolution
abstract:Following the Boston Tea Party and passage of the Port Act, General Thomas Gage, the new royal governor of Massachusetts, moved the seat of government to Salem. Upon his arrival, Gage was greeted by dueling addresses signed by 48 of Salem’s Royalists and 125 of its Whigs. The addresses exhibit contrasting political ideologies; however, the signers’ backgrounds reveal each group embraced views that served its interests. On the one hand, Royalists supported a polity that promoted order, stability, and the rule of law, a system that benefited an interrelated group of old elite families with lucrative kinship ties to the Bay colony’s political establishment led by former Governor Thomas Hutchinson. On the other hand, Whigs demanded a government that protected people’s rights, especially their property rights. This suited artisans, master mariners, and rising merchants determined to preserve meager or recently acquired holdings from Englishmen, whom Salemites asserted had “an interest in laying burthens upon us for their own relief.” The property that Whig signers sought to defend served various purposes. It provided economic security, and it was a source of personal liberty, masculine pride, and a voice in government.
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CiteScore
0.30
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