O pojęciu kultury oraz jego socjologizacji: ratio versus vis

On the concept of culture and its sociologization. Ratio versus vis: The author argues against an absolutization of the sociological perspective and its anti‐cultural character. He criticizes the inadequacy of the sociological perspective in relation to the essence of culture, the purest form of which is art. The ideal of art, and its classic conceptualization in European culture, is based on a distinction of two opposite orders: the order of ratio, i.e. the idea, and the order of vis, i.e. force. The sociological approach to culture tends to reduce it to its competence, that is the order of social forces. The author’s critical remarks are provoked by the representative theory of culture, as it is exposed by Piotr Sztompka, the prominent Polish sociologist.