Multinucleon transfer reaction from view point of dynamical dinuclear system method

The dinuclear system (DNS) model is widely used to explain different heavy-ion reactions such as fusion, quasifission and fission. In previous studies, the DNS is treated as a local $N/Z$ equilibrium system formed after the capture process in the final stage of the reaction. In this work, we generalize the DNS concept to describe the multi-nucleon transfer (MNT) reaction in the dynamical radial process. By treating the ensemble of projectile and target at any distance as the dinuclear system, we solve the semi-classical dynamical radial equation and the master equation for the proton and neutron distributions in the dinuclear system (DyDNS) simultaneously for the first time. In this method, the classical radial movement is coupled with the internal quantum single particle transition between the colliding nuclei. The dynamical Monte Carlo method is engaged to simulate the solutions, and then the GEMINI++ model is adopted to deal with the de-excitations. To illustrate the validity of our approach, the MNT reaction ${}^{136}$Xe+${}^{208}$Pb has been re-examined. The obtained results demonstrate a better agreement with the available experimental data than the calculations of the GRAZING model, especially for the transfer of many nucleons.