小规模捕鱼和航海风险感知的确定

Can Atacan, F. Düzbastılar
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摘要

本研究考察了小型渔船航行过程中渔船事故的风险认知和各种环境因素对渔船事故的影响。基于Fine-Kinney风险评估方法,对来自Çeşmealtı和İskele两个渔港的30位渔船船长在驾驶台航行模拟器中不同情景下的环境条件风险进行了评估。采用非参数检验(Mann-Whitney u检验)和参数检验(Pearson相关检验和独立样本t检验)分析其他相关参数。该研究还进行了一项小型问卷调查,其中包括渔民过去事故的数量和发动机舵故障的数量等问题。根据渔民的评估总和,能见度降低是海上航行中增加事故发生概率和后果的最大因素,而他们认为夜间和恶劣天气条件是港口航行中最大的因素。渔民还发现,在港口航行比在海上航行更安全。渔民事故数量与发动机舵故障数量(p=0.047, r=0.714)、能见度受限的港口航行(p=0.027, r=0.726)以及夜间和恶劣天气的港口航行(p=0.003, r=0.866)之间存在显著、正相关和强相关。根据研究结果,利用捕捞前环境风险评估的结果,海事主管部门可以采取有效措施,防止发生严重的海上伤亡。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Determination of risk perception in small-scale fishing and navigation
In this study, risk perception and the impact of various environmental factors on accidents involving fishing vessels in small-scale fishing vessels during navigation were examined. Thirty fishing vessel captains from Çeşmealtı and İskele fishing ports evaluated the risks of environmental conditions under different scenarios in the bridge navigation simulator based on the Fine-Kinney risk assessment method. Nonparametric (Mann-Whitney U-test) and parametric tests (Pearson correlation and independent-samples t-test) were performed to analyse other related parameters. The study also conducted a small questionnaire study that included questions such as the number of past accidents by fishermen and the number of engine rudder failures. According to the sum of the fishermen's assessments, reduced visibility was the highest factor increasing the probability and consequences of accidents in sea navigation, while they identified night and heavy weather conditions as the highest factor in port navigation. Fishermen also found navigating their ports safer than sea navigation. There is a significant, positive, and strong correlation between the number of fishermen’s accidents and the number of engine rudder failures (p=0.047, r=0.714), the perception of accident probabilities in port navigating with restricted visibility (p=0.027, r=0.726) and in port navigation at night and in heavy weather (p=0.003, r=0.866). According to the results of the study, using the outcomes of the pre-fishing environmental risk assessment, the competent maritime authorities may be able to take effective measures to prevent the occurrence of serious marine casualties.
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