Inheritance of some biochemical, morpho-physiological and yield attributes trait of some rice genotypes under salinity condition

Rice is one of the most significant staple crops consumed by the majority of people, but salinity is one of the limiting factors affecting its productivity. The goal of this study was to find genotypes tolerant to salinity and improve the population in salinity breeding programs. Furthermore, the significance of biochemical and physiological traits to an adaptation of growth and yield for nine rice genotypes and their twenty F 1 crosses according to the line tester mating design was investigated during the 2021 and 2022 rice growing seasons at the El-Sirw Agricultural Research Station experimental farm, Damietta governorate, Egypt. These studies revealed the differential behavior of all genotypes. IRRI 147, Sakha 104 and IR 59673-93-2-3-3R were found to be good general combiners for the majority of the studied traits, maintaining a lower Na + /K + ratio, less reduction in plant pigments, higher concentrations of reduced ascorbate, and higher proline content. The hybrids of Giza 177/IRRI 147, Sakha 104/Sakha super 300, Sakha 106/IR 59673-93-2-3-3R, and Sakha 107/IR 59673-93-2-3-3R recorded significant positive SCA effects for some physiological traits and grain yield plant -1 . The highly significant and positive heterobeltiosis was observed for grain yield plant -1 by hybrid combinations; Sakha 104/Sakha super 300, Sakha 104/IRRI 147, and Giza 177/IRRI 147 recorded the highest values of heterobeltiosis, indicating the superiority of these crosses under salinity conditions and suggesting they may be widely used in rice programs by adopting a breeding approach.