了解液晶二聚体的结构和分子性质:密度泛函方法

Anant Kumar
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引用次数: 0

摘要

液晶是一种分子系统,它表现出与固体相似的分子部分有序,同时保持像液体一样流动的能力。根据材料中有序量的不同,有许多类型的液晶相。向列相是最常见和技术上最重要的一种,因为它在显示应用中使用。在向列相中,分子倾向于具有相同的排列,但它们的位置不相关。在一定程度上,由于基本的科学兴趣和新技术动机的驱动下,新的稳定向列式的存在一直在不断地被寻找。持续的研究导致最近在某些弯曲型液晶二聚体中发现了一种新型的向列相,1,2被称为扭曲-弯曲向列(Ntb),已经得到了各种独立实验研究的支持。由于Ntb相是最近才发现的,其性质尚未得到充分的探索,在分子水平上的详细描述和认识还远未完成。Ntb相的形成对由连接间隔段、末端部分和介生单元的化学组成引起的分子形状的任何微小变化都高度敏感。这样的结构特征是无法通过实验直接获得的。因此,在这项工作中,我们提出了一系列液晶二聚体的DFT计算。这项工作旨在探讨某些结构特征在驱动Ntb相形成中的作用。这项研究也揭示了为什么这个阶段发生在某些弯曲分子中,而不是全部。由于组成分子是灵活的,存在于一系列的构象中,比较二聚体的构象景观-显示Ntb相与那些不显示Ntb相将识别促进Ntb相形成的分子构象。总的来说,本研究评估了理想的分子结构特征和构象集成可能负责Ntb相的出现。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Understanding Structural and Molecular Properties of Liquid Crystal Dimers: A Density Functional Approach
Liquid crystals are molecular systems that exhibit partial ordering of molecules similar to solids while maintaining the ability to flow like liquids. Depending upon the amount of ordering in the material, there are many types of liquid crystalline phases. The nematic phase is the most common and technologically most important one due to its use in display applications. In the nematic phase, the molecules tend to have the same alignment, but their positions are not correlated. In part due to fundamental scientific interest and driven by new technological motivations apart from displays, the existence of new stable nematics has been continuously searched. The continuing search led to a recent discovery of a new type of nematic phase, 1 , 2 known as the twist-bend nematic (Ntb), in certain bent-shaped liquid crystal dimers that have been supported by various independent experimental studies. Since the Ntb phase has been discovered recently, its properties have not been fully explored and a detailed description and understanding at the molecular level are still far from complete. 3 The Ntb phase’s formation is highly sensitive to any slight changes in the molecular shape arising from the chemical makeup of the linking spacer, terminal moieties and mesogenic units. 4 , Such structural features are not accessible directly through experiments. Thus, in this work, we present a set of DFT calculations on a series of liquid crystal dimers. This work aims to probe the role of certain structural features in driving the formation of the Ntb phase. This study also reveals why this phase occurs in certain bent molecules, but not in all. Since the constituent molecules are flexible and exist in a range of conformers, comparing the conformational landscapes of the dimers-exhibiting-the-Ntb-phase against those-do-not would identify the molecular conformations promoting the formation of the Ntb phase. Overall, this study evaluates ideal molecular structural features and conformational ensembles potentially responsible for the appearance of the Ntb phase.
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