地幔岩石中的亲铜和亲铁元素:受微量矿物控制的微量元素

1区地球科学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences

Reviews in Mineralogy & Geochemistry Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI:10.2138/RMG.2016.81.08

J. Lorand, A. Luguet

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引用次数: 127

摘要

自从V.M. Goldschmidt的开创性工作以来，亲铜元素已被确定为对硫表现出最大的亲和力。Goldschmidt(1954)利用金属2M + S2 + 2 ms的硫化曲线，试图绘制这些元素在陨石的硅酸盐(亲石)、金属(亲铁)和硫化物(亲铜)部分之间的分布图。Arculus和Delano(1981)采用类似的方法，提出了亲铜行为的递减顺序:Ga >Cu>Mo >Fe >Ni >W >Co >Sn >Pb >Ag >Pt >Ir >Os >Sb >Ge >Re。显然，这种分类不适合讨论地幔亲铜菌。亲铁和亲铜元素具有中间电负性，易于形成共价键或金属键，这在硫化物结构中占主导地位。大多数亲铁元素通常也有些亲铜，反之亦然。例如，高亲铁元素(HSE)，如铂族元素(PGEs: Os, Ir, Ru, Rh, Pt, Pd)， Re和Au在硫化物相中强烈集中，与名义上的亲铜元素(如Pb, Ga, Ni)相比，在质量平衡方面。由于最上层地幔的Fe-Ni金属不饱和(Rohrbach etal . 2007)，到目前为止所研究的大多数地幔岩石和地幔衍生熔体中的高亲铁元素被认为是由硫化物相控制的。因此，广义的地幔亲铜元素定义应该包括所有被收集成硫化物的元素，即包括高亲铁元素(HSE)，即铂族元素(PGE)、Re、Au、Ag以及硫族元素Se和Te。分类亲铜试剂的一种方法是考虑它们的硫化物熔体/硅酸盐熔体分配行为(D硫化物熔体/硅酸盐熔体=硫化物熔体中金属的重量分数/硅酸盐熔体中金属的重量分数)。经验和实验测定了D硫化物熔体/硅酸盐熔体从…

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Chalcophile and Siderophile Elements in Mantle Rocks: Trace Elements Controlled By Trace Minerals

Since V.M. Goldschmidt’s pioneering work, chalcophile elements have been identified as showing the greatest affinity for sulfur. Goldschmidt (1954) attempted to chart the distribution of these elements between the silicate (lithophiles), metal (siderophiles) and sulfide (chalcophiles) portions of meteorites by using sulfidation curves of metal 2M + S2 ⇌ 2 MS. Using a similar approach, Arculus and Delano (1981) suggested the following decreasing order of chalcophilic behavior: Ga >Cu>Mo >Fe >Ni >W >Co >Sn >Pb >Ag >Pt >Ir >Os >Sb >Ge >Re. Clearly such classifications are not suitable for discussing mantle chalcophiles. Siderophile and chalcophile elements have intermediate electronegativities and tend to form covalent or metallic bonds that are predominant in sulfide structures. Most elements that are siderophile are usually also somewhat chalcophile and vice versa. For example, highly siderophile elements (HSE) such as platinum-group elements (PGEs: Os, Ir, Ru, Rh, Pt, Pd), Re and Au are strongly concentrated in the sulfide phases, compared to nominally chalcophile elements (e.g., Pb, Ga, Ni) in terms of mass balance. Highly siderophile elements are assumed to be controlled by sulfide phases in the source of most mantle rocks and mantle-derived melts examined so far, because the uppermost mantle is not saturated with respect to Fe–Ni metal (Rohrbach et al. 2007). For this reason, the broad definition of chalcophile elements in the mantle should include all of the elements that are collected into sulfides, i.e., including highly siderophile elements (HSE), i.e., the platinum-group elements (PGE), Re, Au, Ag and the chalcogenides Se and Te. One way of sorting chalcophiles is by considering their sulfide melt/silicate melt partitioning behavior ( D sulfide melt/ silicate melt = the weight fraction of metal in sulfide melt/ the weight fraction of metal in silicate melt). Empirically and experimentally determined D sulfide melt/ silicate melt increase from …

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来源期刊

Reviews in Mineralogy & Geochemistry 地学-地球化学与地球物理

CiteScore

8.30

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： RiMG is a series of multi-authored, soft-bound volumes containing concise reviews of the literature and advances in theoretical and/or applied mineralogy, crystallography, petrology, and geochemistry. The content of each volume consists of fully developed text which can be used for self-study, research, or as a text-book for graduate-level courses. RiMG volumes are typically produced in conjunction with a short course but can also be published without a short course. The series is jointly published by the Mineralogical Society of America (MSA) and the Geochemical Society.