用量子猝灭检测多体迁移率边缘

P. Naldesi, E. Ercolessi, T. Roscilde
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引用次数: 43

摘要

多体局域化(MBL)跃迁是一种涉及无序量子多体哈密顿量的高激发本征态的量子相变,它从“扩展/遍历经”(表现出广泛的纠缠熵和涨落)进化到“局域化”(表现出纠缠和涨落的面积律缩放)。MBL跃迁可以由给定光谱范围内的无序强度驱动,也可以由固定无序处的能量密度驱动——如果系统具有多体迁移率边缘。在这里,我们提出通过“量子猝灭光谱”来探索后一种机制,即通过可变宽度的量子猝灭,在可控光谱区域内将系统的状态制备为哈密顿量的特征态叠加。通过对准周期势中相互作用的无自旋费米子链的数值研究,证明了该系统具有多体迁移率边缘;我们证明了它的存在转化为准周期势强度猝灭后的时间演化中明显的动态跃迁,以及准稳态长时间尺度性质的跃迁。我们的结果为使用冷原子装置实验观察多体迁移率边缘提供了一种实用的方案。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Detecting a many-body mobility edge with quantum quenches
The many-body localization (MBL) transition is a quantum phase transition involving highly excited eigenstates of a disordered quantum many-body Hamiltonian, which evolve from "extended/ergodic" (exhibiting extensive entanglement entropies and fluctuations) to "localized" (exhibiting area-law scaling of entanglement and fluctuations). The MBL transition can be driven by the strength of disorder in a given spectral range, or by the energy density at fixed disorder - if the system possesses a many-body mobility edge. Here we propose to explore the latter mechanism by using "quantum-quench spectroscopy", namely via quantum quenches of variable width which prepare the state of the system in a superposition of eigenstates of the Hamiltonian within a controllable spectral region. Studying numerically a chain of interacting spinless fermions in a quasi-periodic potential, we argue that this system has a many-body mobility edge; and we show that its existence translates into a clear dynamical transition in the time evolution immediately following a quench in the strength of the quasi-periodic potential, as well as a transition in the scaling properties of the quasi-stationary state at long times. Our results suggest a practical scheme for the experimental observation of many-body mobility edges using cold-atom setups.
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