警察国家为国家目标服务的反思与米哈伊尔亲王的宪法法律

Nebojša Ranđelović
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引用次数: 0

摘要

1860年,米哈伊洛亲王再次登基,从根本上改变了国家的宪法状况,将国家转型和民族解放作为最高目标。为了避免土耳其干涉当时仍是附属国的塞尔维亚公国的宪法问题,米哈伊洛用宪法法律贬损了1838年宪法。根据他同时代的一些人和许多作家的说法,他的宪法为“警察国家”的运作创造了条件。关于国会、关于中央政府行政、关于国务委员会、关于直辖市和市政府的法律,使专制政权的运作成为可能,即一种专制主义。然而,米哈伊洛开明的专制主义使君主和国家机构有可能更快地实现国家的繁荣,并开始实现崇高的国家目标。所谓的“警察国家”,在某些历史时刻(特别是在一个正在形成的农民国家,就像塞尔维亚的情况一样),可能是一种比其他国家法规更有效、更可取的国家组织方式。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Police state in the service of national goals and reflections of the constitutional laws of Prince Mihailo
Having ascended the throne once more in 1860, Prince Mihailo fundamentally changed the constitutional situation in the country, setting as the highest goals transformation of the state and national liberation. In order to avoid Turkish interference in constitutional questions of the Principality of Serbia, still a vassal state at the time, Mihailo derogated the 1838 Constitution with constitutional laws. His constitutional laws, according to some of his contemporaries and many authors, created the conditions for a 'police state' to function. The laws on the National Assembly, on the Central government administration, on the Council of State, on Municipalities and municipal governments, made possible the functionality of an authoritarian regime, that is, a type of absolutism. However, Mihailo's enlightened absolutism gave the Prince and the state bodies a possibility for quicker prosperity of the state and the beginning of reaching highly placed national goals. The so-called 'police state' can, in certain historical moments (especially in a peasant state in the making, as was the case with Serbia), be a more efficient and desirable way of state organization than other state regulations.
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