牙科COVID-19的传播风险和保护方案:系统评价

IF 0.2 Q4 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE
Dr. Heba Alshammary, Dr. Munther Abumismar
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:根据世卫组织的数据,2019冠状病毒病新发病例正在上升,在2021年4月的第一周,全球新发病例为450万例,死亡人数超过7.6万。在牙科环境中传播COVID-19的风险一直令人担忧。因此,本研究旨在评估口腔感染的传播风险,并审查世界各地不同牙科诊所所采取的感染控制措施及其是否符合标准的国家或国际准则。方法:本研究回顾了全球不同牙科保健中心遵循的COVID-19传播控制指南的已发表文献。我们在PubMed和Embase数据库中进行了全面的文献检索。关键的指导方针被列出,分为三个部分:进入牙科治疗前,牙科手术期间和牙科手术后。开展对比研究,评估世卫组织、美国牙医协会、美国疾病控制与预防中心等机构对2019冠状病毒病大流行期间的牙科实践提出的国内或国际公认建议的遵守情况。结果:在牙科手术过程中,建议使用橡胶坝和大容量唾液喷射器来减少气溶胶扩散;建议用1%过氧化氢或0.2%聚维酮碘漱口。处理后,必须对表面和仪器进行适当消毒;可重复使用的牙科器械应消毒。根据不同的地理位置,不同的牙科设置遵循不同的指南;然而,最常遵循的指南是由WHO、ADA、CDC和NHS提供的。结论:现有指南将有助于在牙科机构预防COVID-19。虽然牙科诊所正在采用防止新冠病毒传播的标准指南,但要取得成功,需要患者和牙医的共同努力和合作。因此,双方应严格遵守各自推荐的指导方针和在牙科环境中的手部卫生习惯。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Transmission risk and protective protocols for COVID-19 in dentistry: systematic review
Background: According to WHO, the new COVID-19 cases are rising with 4.5 million new cases in the first week of April 2021 and over 76000 new deaths globally. The risk of COVID-19 transmission in dental settings has been a concern. Therefore, this study aims to assess the transmission risk in dentistry and review the infection-control measures followed in different dental clinics worldwide and their compliance with the standard country-based or international guidelines.Methods: This study reviewed the published literature regarding the COVID-19 transmission-control guidelines followed by different dental care centers worldwide. We performed a comprehensive literature search in PubMed and Embase databases. The key guidelines were listed study-wise, divided into three parts: before entering the dental treatment, during the dental procedure, and after the dental procedure. A comparison study was conducted to assess the compliance with the country-based or internationally accepted recommendations given by WHO, ADA, CDC, etc., for dental practices in the COVID-19 pandemic.Results: During the dental procedure, a rubber dam and high volume saliva ejectors are recommended to minimize aerosol diffusion; mouth rinsing with 1% hydrogen peroxide or 0.2% povidone-iodine is recommended for patients. After the treatment, proper disinfection of the surfaces and instruments must be followed; the reusable dental instruments should be sterilized. Different guidelines were followed in different dental settings depended on the geographical locations; however, the most commonly followed guidelines were provided by WHO, ADA, CDC, and NHS.Conclusions: The available guidelines will contribute to the prevention of COVID-19 in dental settings. Although the dental clinics are adopting standard guidelines to prevent COVID-19 transmission, the joint efforts and cooperation of both patients and dental practitioners are needed to make it successful. Therefore, both parties should strictly adhere to their respective recommended guidelines and hand hygiene practice in dental settings.
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