N. M. Mohamad Aini, N. Othman, M. Hussin, K. Sahakaro, N. Hayeemasae
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Effect of hybrid carbon black/lignin on rheological, mechanical and thermal stability properties of NR/BR composites
ABSTRACT This study investigated the effect of hybrid carbon black/lignin on the rheological, mechanical and thermal stability of NR/BR composites. Three types of lignin, namely, Kraft lignin (KL), organosolv lignin (OL) and soda lignin (SL) were incorporated into rubber matrix at the filler loadings of 5–20 phr, where the total filler content was fixed at 50 phr. Based on the performance of the three types of lignin, the KL and OL-filled NR/BR composites showed better properties compared to SL-filled NR/BR composite. However, the inclusion of KL up to a loading of 10 phr in the rubber matrix showed comparable results with those of the NR/BR/CB50 (without lignin). It was observed that the minimum and maximum torque (ML and MH, respectively) of the composite with KL were improved. Furthermore, the incorporation of lignin in the NR/BR matrix reduced the Payne effect and enhanced their processability, thermal stability and aging resistance.
期刊介绍:
Plastics, Rubber and Composites: Macromolecular Engineering provides an international forum for the publication of original, peer-reviewed research on the macromolecular engineering of polymeric and related materials and polymer matrix composites. Modern polymer processing is increasingly focused on macromolecular engineering: the manipulation of structure at the molecular scale to control properties and fitness for purpose of the final component. Intimately linked to this are the objectives of predicting properties in the context of an optimised design and of establishing robust processing routes and process control systems allowing the desired properties to be achieved reliably.