木霉属不同菌株的抑菌活性研究

Q4 Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
I. M. Kurchenko, O. Yurieva, S.O. Syrchyn, Y. Savchuk, L. Nakonechna, T. I. Tuhaĭ, A.V. Tuhai, K.S. Tsyhanenko, A. K. Pavlychenko
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The objects of research were 100 fungal strains of the genus Trichoderma and six economically important plant pathogenic bacteria such as Pseudomonas syringae UCM В-1027Т, Pseudomonas fluorescens 8573, Pectobacterium carotovorum UCM В-1095T, Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris UCM В-1049, Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis 102, and Agrobacterium tumefaciens UCM В-1000. Cultures of the studied fungi were grown on potato-dextrose agar. The antagonistic activity of fungi of the genus Trichoderma against plant pathogenic bacteria was studied using the conventional method of diffusion in agar and method of dual culture. The antibacterial activity of culture filtrates of Trichoderma strains was evaluated via the zone of growth inhibition of plant pathogenic bacteria. The percentages of growth inhibition of plant pathogenic bacteria were calculated, and the antagonistic activity of strains was concluded on the basis of the obtained values. Results. 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引用次数: 0

摘要

引起植物病害的主要病原体是细菌、病毒和真菌。许多策略通常用于植物保护和控制病原微生物。研究人员的主要兴趣集中在开发替代合成化学品来控制植物细菌性疾病。在这些方法中,使用拮抗真菌和一些其他微生物等制剂对细菌性疾病进行生物控制被认为是最有效的策略之一。木霉属的物种以其对植物病原真菌和细菌的拮抗活性而闻名,可以作为一种有效的安全控制策略。该属真菌的一个重要特点是它们能够抑制目标致病生物而不伤害非目标(有益)微生物。木霉属真菌的拮抗活性研究主要是针对农业植物病原真菌进行的。与此同时,对该属真菌抗菌活性的研究却很少受到重视。因此,我们的工作目的是确定木霉属的微观真菌对引起农业植物发病的细菌的抑菌活性。方法。研究对象为100株木霉属真菌和丁香假单胞菌(Pseudomonas syringae) UCM В-1027Т、荧光假单胞菌(Pseudomonas fluorescens) 8573、carotovorum Pectobacterium UCM В-1095T、油菜黄单胞菌(Xanthomonas campestris pv) 6种具有重要经济意义的植物致病菌。campestris UCM В-1049, Clavibacter michiganensis subsp。密歇根农杆菌102和农杆菌UCM В-1000。所研究的真菌在马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂上培养。采用传统的琼脂扩散法和双重培养法研究了木霉属真菌对植物致病菌的拮抗活性。通过植物病原菌生长抑制区评价木霉菌株培养滤液的抑菌活性。计算植物病原菌的生长抑制百分比,并根据所得值得出菌株的拮抗活性。结果。总的来说,所研究的木霉菌株对植物病原菌具有拮抗作用。用琼脂扩散法测定了100株木霉菌株,其中12株菌株对6种病原菌均有抑菌作用;20株抑制5株1、36株4、12株3、7株2的生长。采用双重培养法对具有广谱抗菌活性的菌株进行了研究。这就有可能证明木霉菌株对单个植物病原菌试验培养物的拮抗作用具有高选择性。例如,菌株No7A抑制了密歇根c.m ananensis亚种的生长。对紫丁香P. UCM B-1027T的生长抑制率为30%,琼脂扩散法测定的试验培养物的生长抑制区分别为5 mm和6 mm。结论。结果表明木霉菌株具有生物防治病原菌的潜力和整体能力。菌株F-60、1515和320对所有被研究的植物病原菌均有活性,是最有希望利用植物病原菌作为生物防治剂的菌株。该菌株具有广泛的防治作用,有可能成为植物病原菌的预防性生物防治剂。另一方面,对某些病原体具有高活性的木霉菌株可能有潜力被用作针对特定目标病原体的控制剂。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Antibacterial Activity of Different Strains of the Genus Trichoderma
The main pathogens causing plant diseases are bacteria, viruses, and fungi. A number of strategies are usually used for plant protection and control of pathogenic microorganisms. The main interest of researchers is focused on the development of alternative synthetic chemicals to control bacterial diseases of plants. Among such approaches, biological control of bacterial diseases using agents such as antagonistic fungi and some other microorganisms is considered to be one of the most effective strategies. Species of the genus Trichoderma are known for their antagonistic activity against plant pathogenic fungi and bacteria and can be an effective safety strategy to control them. An important peculiarity of fungi of this genus is their ability to inhibit target pathogenic organisms without harming non-target (beneficial) microorganisms. The study of the antagonistic activity of fungi of the genus Trichoderma was conducted mainly against pathogenic fungi of agricultural plants. At the same time, the study of the antibacterial activity of fungi of this genus has attracted much less attention. Therefore, the aim of our work was to determine the antibacterial activity of microscopic fungi of the genus Trichoderma against test cultures of bacteria causing pathogenesis of agricultural plants. Methods. The objects of research were 100 fungal strains of the genus Trichoderma and six economically important plant pathogenic bacteria such as Pseudomonas syringae UCM В-1027Т, Pseudomonas fluorescens 8573, Pectobacterium carotovorum UCM В-1095T, Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris UCM В-1049, Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis 102, and Agrobacterium tumefaciens UCM В-1000. Cultures of the studied fungi were grown on potato-dextrose agar. The antagonistic activity of fungi of the genus Trichoderma against plant pathogenic bacteria was studied using the conventional method of diffusion in agar and method of dual culture. The antibacterial activity of culture filtrates of Trichoderma strains was evaluated via the zone of growth inhibition of plant pathogenic bacteria. The percentages of growth inhibition of plant pathogenic bacteria were calculated, and the antagonistic activity of strains was concluded on the basis of the obtained values. Results. In general, the studied Trichoderma strains had the antagonistic activity against plant pathogenic bacteria. Using method of diffusion in agar, it was shown that among the 100 studied Trichoderma strains, 12 had the effect of growth inhibition (bacteriostatic effect) of all six studied species of pathogenic bacteria; 20 strains inhibited the growth of five ones, 36 — four, 12 — three, and 7 — of two strains. The strains with a wide spectrum of antibacterial activity were studied by the double culture method. This made it possible to demonstrate the high selectivity of the antagonistic effect of Trichoderma strains on individual test cultures of phytopathogenic bacteria. For example, strain No7A inhibited the growth of C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis 102 by 47% and the growth of P. syringae UCM B-1027T by 30%, while the zones of growth inhibition of these test cultures, determined by the method of diffusion in agar, were 5 and 6 mm, respectively. Conclusions. The obtained results indicated the potential and overall ability of Trichoderma strains to biologically control bacterial pathogens. The most promising for the use of plant pathogenic bacteria as agents for biocontrol were strains F-60, 1515, and 320, which were active against all studied bacteria. Such strains may have the potential as a preventive biocontrol agent of plant pathogens with a wide range of action. On the other hand, Trichoderma strains with high activity against certain pathogens may have the potential to be used as a control agent against a specific target pathogen.
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Mikrobiolohichnyi zhurnal
Mikrobiolohichnyi zhurnal Medicine-Microbiology (medical)
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