蓝色经济:欧盟的概念研究与回顾

IF 0.2 0 ART
Zarko Djoric
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引用次数: 0

摘要

蓝色经济的概念是强调世界自然资源可持续利用的新一波经济思想的一部分。大洋、海洋和沿海地区。以可持续性原则为主导的蓝色经济与对有限的地球资源进行线性开发的另一个循环的发展形成了直接对比。相比之下,可持续蓝色经济将绿色航运、沿海可再生能源、碳封存、生态旅游、海洋遗传资源、可持续水产养殖和新海产品开发等经济活动设想为未来几十年的新趋势。本文运用理论分析的方法,分析了蓝色经济概念的关键假设,以及欧洲在这一领域的经验和挑战。根据论文的实证结果,总的结论是海洋、沿海地区和海洋活动将对欧盟及其公民的经济和环境未来发挥至关重要的作用。欧洲蓝色经济能够而且必须成为促进社会整体恢复力的核心和坚实支柱。总体而言,欧盟已经认识到蓝色经济在创造新的就业机会、实现繁荣和安全方面的重要性,但其潜力尚未释放。重要的是,对蓝色经济概念的肯定是在2020年战略基本原则的精神下进行的,根据该战略,增长必须是智能的(结合前沿的科学、创新的解决方案和工业领导力)、可持续的(在经济、社会和生态方面应对社会挑战)和包容性的(考虑到沿海、海洋和海事活动以及它们之间的权衡)。总的教训是,负责海洋健康和安全的欧洲机构必须认真考虑一个适当的框架,使蓝色经济能够蓬勃发展,同时保持与欧盟一致的可持续发展的高标准。美国对无碳社会的愿景。就欧盟(及其成员国)而言,在未来一段时间内,可持续和公平蓝色经济的发展应根据《欧洲绿色协议》的原则进行,作为可持续增长的长期战略,这将需要:蓝色经济价值链的转型,从线性商业模式转向循环商业模式,减少资源消耗和浪费;对海洋污染、海岸废物和塑料采取更严格的措施;化石燃料替代;投资于生物多样性保护;恢复和保护生态系统;促进基于自然的解决办法和选择,培育海洋可再生能源和创新的蓝色生物技术。与此同时,所有蓝色经济部门都必须减少其对气候和环境的影响,并为海洋生态系统的恢复做出贡献。在实现减少温室气体排放、提高资源效率和减少整体环境影响等总体目标方面,欧盟应重点关注五个有前景和创新的领域,即:蓝色能源、水产养殖、沿海和海洋旅游、蓝色生物技术和海底采矿。为应对上述挑战,应特别强调需要多部门、包容、透明和全面的治理(公私对话),将人力资源的可持续利用与环境保护和社会正义结合起来。改进治理过程应主要基于:1。公民参与和海洋素养,即当地社区的参与和赋权。•确认海洋空间规划,具有以下优势:通过早期识别空间多种利用的影响和机会来保护环境;通过创造可预测性、透明度和更清晰的规则来鼓励投资;加强欧盟国家之间的跨境合作,发展能源网络、航道、管道、海底电缆和其他活动,同时也发展连贯的保护区网络;减少部门之间的冲突,创造不同活动之间的协同效应。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Blue economy: Concept research and review of the European Union
The concept of the blue economy is a part of a new wave of economic thought that emphasizes the sustainable use of natural resources in the world?s oceans, seas and coastal areas. The blue economy, which is dominated by the principle of sustainability, is directly contrasted with the development of another cycle of linear exploitation of limited planetary resources. In contrast, a sustainable blue economy envisages economic activities such as greening shipping, coastal renewable energy, carbon sequestration, eco-tourism, genetic marine resources, sustainable aquaculture and the development of new seafood as new trends in the decades ahead. The paper analyzes the key postulates of the blue economy concept, as well as European experiences and challenges in this field, using the methods of theoretical analysis. Based on the empirical findings of the paper, the general conclusion is that the oceans, coastal areas and marine activities will play a crucial role for the economic and environmental future of the European Union and its citizens. The European blue economy can and must be a central and solid pillar that contributes to the general resilience of society itself. Overall, the European Union has recognized the importance of the blue economy in generating new jobs and achieving prosperity and security, but its potential has yet to be unlocked. What is important is that the affirmation of the concept of the blue economy takes place in the spirit of the fundamental principles of the 2020 strategy, according to which growth must be smart (with respect to integration of cutting edge science-based, innovative solutions and industrial leadership), sustainable (in economic, social and ecological terms tackling societal challenges) and inclusive (considering the multitude of coastal, marine and maritime activities and trade-offs between them). The general lesson is that the European institutions responsible for ocean health and safety must seriously consider an appropriate framework that allows the blue economy to thrive while maintaining high standards of sustainable development in line with the EU?s vision for a carbon-free society. When it comes to the European Union (and its members), the development of the sustainable and fair blue economy in the coming period should take place in accordance with the principles of the European Green Agreement, as a long-term strategy for sustainable growth, which will require: transformation of value chains of the blue economy in terms of moving away from linear business models to circular ones, with less resource consumption and waste; introduction of stricter measures against marine pollution, coastal waste and plastics; fossil fuel replacement; investing in biodiversity conservation; restoration and protection of ecosystems; promoting nature-based solutions and options and incubating marine renewable energy and innovative blue biotechnology. At the same time, all blue economy sectors have to reduce their climate and environmental impact and contribute to the recovery of marine ecosystems. In achieving overarching goals such as reducing greenhouse gas emissions, increasing resource efficiency and reducing overall environmental impact, the EU should focus on five promising and innovative sectors, namely: blue energy, aquaculture, coastal and maritime 256 tourism, blue biotechnology and seabed mining. To address the previous challenges, special emphasis should be placed on the need for multisectoral, inclusive, transparent and holistic governance (public-private dialogue) to integrate the sustainable use of human resources with environmental protection and social justice. Improving governance processes should primarily be based on: 1. Citizen engagement and ocean literacy, namely, the involvement and empowerment of local communities and 2. ?ffirmation of maritime spatial planning, with the following advantages: protect the environment through early identification of impact and opportunities for multiple use of space; encourage investment by creating predictability, transparency and clearer rules; increase cross-border cooperation between EU countries to develop energy grids, shipping lanes, pipelines, submarine cables and other activities, but also to develop coherent networks of protected areas; and reduce conflicts between sectors and create synergies between different activities.
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