γ-聚甲醛污染水体危害的生态毒理学评价

A. A. Maslennikov, Svetlana Aleksandrovna Demidova, Oksana Ivanovna Ilchenko, V. A. Antonov
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摘要

介绍。固体火箭燃料新组分代表γ-聚氧亚甲基在生产、储存和应用过程中,不排除其进入水库水体,这决定了其对该生态系统的单一污染危险性的强制性评价。材料和方法。研究对象为γ-聚甲醛(γ-POM,聚甲醛,缩醛共聚物)-聚甲醛二甲酯的混合物-精细无定形白色粉末,CAS注册号66455-31-0。实验式为n = 100-300时的ch30 (CH2O)nCH3。它几乎不溶于水。结果。研究发现,在50.0 mg/l的浓度下,水中的生态毒物含量会导致其透明度的变化。测定γ-POM指示浓度作为感官损害阈值。在研究该毒物对水库一般卫生状况的影响过程中,在生化耗氧量指标未发生变化的情况下,揭示了其对硝化过程和腐生菌群的负面影响。根据一般卫生危害性指标,该物质的阈值浓度为3.5 mg/l。在实验动物的实验中,注意到单次灌胃以2.5%淀粉悬浮液的形式给药,会导致心率显著降低和一些血液学参数的变化。γ-POM单次一般毒性作用的阈值为90.0 mg/kg。本研究的局限性。γ-聚氧亚甲基一旦污染水库水(在紧急情况下),必须考虑其暴露的行为特征。然而,所获得的数据不足以证实该接头在水体中的卫生标准。结论。所进行的实验结果表明,γ-聚氧亚甲基单次进入水中代表了一种生态和毒理学危害,所有三个基本有害迹象都登记在案,这是在证明其在水库水中的最大允许浓度时考虑到的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Ecological and toxicological assessment of hazard of contamination of water bodies by the γ-polyoxymethylene
Introduction. In the process of production, storage and application of the representative of new components of solid rocket fuels – γ-polyoxymethylene, its ingress into the water of reservoirs is not excluded, which determines the mandatory assessment of the danger of its single contamination of this ecosystem. Material and methods. As an object of research, γ-polyoxymethylene (γ-POM, polyformaldehyde, acetal copolymer) was used – a mixture of dimethyl esters of polyoxymethylene glycols – a fine amorphous white powder, CAS registration number 66455-31-0. The empirical formula is CH3O(CH2O)nCH3 at n = 100–300. It is practically insoluble in water. Results. It was found that the ecotoxicant content in water at a concentration of 50.0 mg/l led to a change in its transparency. The indicated concentration of γ-POM was determined as a threshold for organoleptic harmfulness. In the course of studying the effect of the toxicant on the general sanitary regime of reservoirs, in the absence of changes in the indicators of biochemical oxygen consumption, its negative impact on nitrification processes and saprophytic microflora was revealed. The threshold concentration of the substance according to the general sanitary indicator of harmfulness is 3.5 mg/l. In experiments on laboratory animals, it was noted that a single intragastric administration of the tested xenobiotic in the form of a suspension in a 2.5% solution of aqueous starch caused a significant decrease in heart rate and a change in a number of hematological parameters. The threshold of a single general toxic effect of γ-POM is 90.0 mg/kg. Limitations of the study. The revealed features of the behavior of γ-polyoxymethylene must be taken into account when it once pollutes the water of reservoirs (in case of an emergency). However, the data obtained are insufficient to substantiate the hygienic standard of the connection in the water of water bodies. Conclusion. The results of the performed experiments indicate that a single ingress of γ-polyoxymethylene into the water represents an ecological and toxicological hazard registered for all three basic signs of harmfulness, which is taken into account when justifying its maximum permissible concentration in the water of reservoirs.
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