不同施氮水平和TUAT-1矮秆芽孢杆菌胁迫下水稻植株生长及产量的响应

GM crops Pub Date : 2022-11-11 DOI:10.3390/crops2040031
Khin Thuzar Win, A. Oo, T. Yokoyama
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引用次数: 5

摘要

水稻是重要的粮食作物,在气候变化的条件下,其生产受到盐胁迫的显著影响。土壤微生物接种剂和高效氮营养可能对盐胁迫下水稻生长和产量有改善作用。然而,施氮与微生物接种剂互作对盐胁迫下水稻生长和产量的影响尚不完全清楚。本研究旨在阐明矮芽孢杆菌(Bacillus pumilus) TUAT-1型生物肥料在施用适量氮肥的同时是否能缓解水稻生产中的盐胁迫。以矮秆芽孢杆菌TUAT-1作为生物肥料,与对照(0% N)、2.64 g (NH4)2SO4 /苗盘(100% N:农户推荐量)和3.96 g (NH4)2SO4 /苗盘(150% N) 3种不同氮肥配施。在温室盆栽水稻抽穗期施用盐(100 mM NaCl),收获时施用生长和产量组分。苗期施用生物肥料TUAT-1显著提高了21日龄幼苗的幼苗活力和根系发育。抽穗期盐胁迫显著降低叶绿素含量、穗数、秸秆生物量和籽粒产量;然而,无论是单独施氮还是与TUAT-1联合施氮,都能改善与盐碱有关的籽粒产量和产量组成参数的降低。施用高氮肥(150% N)的植株在接种或不接种TUAT-1的情况下,无论在盐水或非盐水条件下,秸秆生物量和籽粒产量相似。在生理盐水和对照条件下,接种了TUAT-1的植株秸秆生物量和籽粒产量均高于未接种TUAT-1的植株。具体而言,与不施用TUAT-1相比,施用TUAT-1与农民推荐施氮水平(100% N)联合施用可使盐胁迫下秸秆生物量增加8%,籽粒产量增加15%。正常条件下(未接种)植株的秸秆生物量和籽粒产量与盐胁迫下(TUAT-1 + 100% N)植株相似,这是因为TUAT-1促进了根系发育,促进了土壤养分的吸收。结果表明,在苗圃中施用TUAT-1型生物肥料和100%施氮量可提高该细菌的幼苗活力,从而改善盐致谷物和秸秆减产的状况。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Plant Growth and Yield Response to Salinity Stress of Rice Grown under the Application of Different Nitrogen Levels and Bacillus pumilus Strain TUAT-1
Rice is an important food crop, and its production is significantly affected by salt stress under the changing climate. Soil-inhabiting microbial inoculants as well as efficient nitrogen (N) nutrition may have ameliorative effects on rice growth and yield under salt stress. However, the effects of the interaction between N application and microbial inoculants on the growth and grain yield of rice under salt stress is not yet fully understood. This study aimed to clarify whether the use of the Bacillus pumilus strain TUAT-1 biofertilizer, along with the right amount of N fertilizer, would alleviate salt stress in lowland rice production. We applied the Bacillus pumilus strain TUAT-1 as a biofertilizer in combination with different rates of N fertilizer: control (0% N), 2.64 g (NH4)2SO4 per nursery tray (100% N: the farmer-recommended amount), and 3.96 g (NH4)2SO4 per nursery tray (150% N). Salinity (100 mM of NaCl) was applied at the heading stage of rice plants in pot culture in the greenhouse, and the growth and yield components were accessed at harvest. In the nursery phase, the application of the biofertilizer TUAT-1 significantly increased seedling vigor and the root development of 21-day-old seedlings. Salinity stress at the heading stage significantly reduced chlorophyll content, panicle number, straw biomass, and grain yield; however, either the application of N alone or in combination with TUAT-1 ameliorated the salinity-related reduction in grain yield and yield component parameters. Plants receiving a high amount of N fertilizer (150% N) showed similar straw biomass and grain yield with or without TUAT-1 inoculation, regardless of saline or non-saline conditions. In both saline and control conditions, straw biomass and grain yield were higher in the plants inoculated with TUAT-1 than in those without TUAT-1. Specifically, the combined application of TUAT-1 and the farmer-recommended N level (100% N) led to an increase of 8% in straw biomass and 15% in grain yield under saline stress when compared with their respective plants without TUAT-1. Straw biomass and grain yield were similar in the (un-inoculated) plants grown under normal conditions and TUAT-1 + 100% N under salinity treatments, because TUAT-1 enhanced root development, which may promote soil nutrient uptake. Our results indicated that combined nursery application of TUAT-1 biofertilizer and 100% N fertilizer rate has the potential to boost the capacity of this bacteria to increase seedling vigor, which subsequently ameliorated the salt-induced reduction in the grain and straw yield.
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