{"title":"使用Biosystem POWER, KS (Biosystem POWER, SC)制剂加速收获后残留物破坏的效率","authors":"A. Bunas, E. Tkach, V. Dvoretsky, O. Dvoretska","doi":"10.33730/2077-4893.3.2022.266417","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Disposal of post-harvest residues from agro-ecosystem remains one of the urgent issues of today for agricultural producers. Burning straw and stubble is an extremely radical and destructive method for biogeocenosis, because during combustion between straw and the soil layer due to water vapor, conditions are created that the burning temperature exceeds 600°С. As a result of such actions, microorganisms, worms, insects, small vertebrates die and the fertile layer of humus is destroyed. Modern biological preparations, which contain a complex of living agronomically useful microorganisms, help to solve the issue of postharvest residues. By accelerating the destruction of organic masses in the soil, the C:N ratio is equalized, organic substances are supplied in a form available to plants, the development of phytopathogens is inhibited, moisture is retained, and humus accumulation processes are active. Field studies were conducted to determine the effectiveness of the new biological preparation BioSistem POWER KS (BioSistem POWER, SC), which contains active bacterial strains of the genera Paenabacillus, Azotobacter, Enterobacter and micromycetes of the genus Trichoderma. Selection of soil samples was carried out 90 days after processing, laboratory tests were carried out in accordance with generally accepted microbiological methods. It was established that the use of BioSistem POWER KS biological preparation (BioSistem POWER, SC) compared to the control increases the level of carbon dioxide emission of the soil of the experimental variants by 2 times, the level of cellulolytic activity by 23–34% depending on the rate of use, the antifungal activity of the soil by 2.5-3 times. Therefore, the biopreparation BioSistem POWER KS (BioSistem POWER, SC) at the rate of 0.3 and 5 l/ha can be recommended to agricultural producers for use in the autumn-spring period to accelerate the decomposition of post-harvest residues.","PeriodicalId":7521,"journal":{"name":"Agroecological journal","volume":"106 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2022-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Efficiency of using Biosystem POWER, KS (BioSistem POWER, SC) preparation to accelerate the destruction of post-harvest residues\",\"authors\":\"A. Bunas, E. Tkach, V. Dvoretsky, O. Dvoretska\",\"doi\":\"10.33730/2077-4893.3.2022.266417\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Disposal of post-harvest residues from agro-ecosystem remains one of the urgent issues of today for agricultural producers. Burning straw and stubble is an extremely radical and destructive method for biogeocenosis, because during combustion between straw and the soil layer due to water vapor, conditions are created that the burning temperature exceeds 600°С. As a result of such actions, microorganisms, worms, insects, small vertebrates die and the fertile layer of humus is destroyed. Modern biological preparations, which contain a complex of living agronomically useful microorganisms, help to solve the issue of postharvest residues. By accelerating the destruction of organic masses in the soil, the C:N ratio is equalized, organic substances are supplied in a form available to plants, the development of phytopathogens is inhibited, moisture is retained, and humus accumulation processes are active. Field studies were conducted to determine the effectiveness of the new biological preparation BioSistem POWER KS (BioSistem POWER, SC), which contains active bacterial strains of the genera Paenabacillus, Azotobacter, Enterobacter and micromycetes of the genus Trichoderma. Selection of soil samples was carried out 90 days after processing, laboratory tests were carried out in accordance with generally accepted microbiological methods. It was established that the use of BioSistem POWER KS biological preparation (BioSistem POWER, SC) compared to the control increases the level of carbon dioxide emission of the soil of the experimental variants by 2 times, the level of cellulolytic activity by 23–34% depending on the rate of use, the antifungal activity of the soil by 2.5-3 times. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
农业生态系统收获后残留物的处理仍然是当今农业生产者面临的紧迫问题之一。焚烧秸秆和残茬是一种极端激进和破坏性的生物地球保护方法，因为在秸秆和土层之间的燃烧过程中，由于水蒸气的作用，产生了燃烧温度超过600°С的条件。由于这些行为，微生物、蠕虫、昆虫、小型脊椎动物死亡，腐殖质的肥沃层被破坏。现代生物制剂，其中包含一个复杂的活的农学上有用的微生物，有助于解决采后残留物的问题。通过加速土壤中有机物质的破坏，碳氮比平衡，有机物质以植物可利用的形式供应，植物病原体的发展被抑制，水分被保留，腐殖质积累过程活跃。为了确定新型生物制剂biosystems POWER KS (biosystems POWER, SC)的有效性，我们进行了实地研究，该制剂含有木霉属的Paenabacillus、Azotobacter、Enterobacter和micromycotes的活性菌株。处理后90天进行土壤样品的选择，按照普遍接受的微生物学方法进行实验室检测。结果表明，与对照相比，使用biosystems POWER KS生物制剂(biosystems POWER, SC)的试验型土壤的二氧化碳排放水平提高了2倍，纤维素水解活性水平提高了23-34%，土壤的抗真菌活性提高了2.5-3倍。因此，生物修复剂biosystem POWER KS (biosystem POWER, SC)在0.3和5 l/ha的用量下可以推荐给农业生产者在秋春季节使用，以加速收获后残留物的分解。
Efficiency of using Biosystem POWER, KS (BioSistem POWER, SC) preparation to accelerate the destruction of post-harvest residues
Disposal of post-harvest residues from agro-ecosystem remains one of the urgent issues of today for agricultural producers. Burning straw and stubble is an extremely radical and destructive method for biogeocenosis, because during combustion between straw and the soil layer due to water vapor, conditions are created that the burning temperature exceeds 600°С. As a result of such actions, microorganisms, worms, insects, small vertebrates die and the fertile layer of humus is destroyed. Modern biological preparations, which contain a complex of living agronomically useful microorganisms, help to solve the issue of postharvest residues. By accelerating the destruction of organic masses in the soil, the C:N ratio is equalized, organic substances are supplied in a form available to plants, the development of phytopathogens is inhibited, moisture is retained, and humus accumulation processes are active. Field studies were conducted to determine the effectiveness of the new biological preparation BioSistem POWER KS (BioSistem POWER, SC), which contains active bacterial strains of the genera Paenabacillus, Azotobacter, Enterobacter and micromycetes of the genus Trichoderma. Selection of soil samples was carried out 90 days after processing, laboratory tests were carried out in accordance with generally accepted microbiological methods. It was established that the use of BioSistem POWER KS biological preparation (BioSistem POWER, SC) compared to the control increases the level of carbon dioxide emission of the soil of the experimental variants by 2 times, the level of cellulolytic activity by 23–34% depending on the rate of use, the antifungal activity of the soil by 2.5-3 times. Therefore, the biopreparation BioSistem POWER KS (BioSistem POWER, SC) at the rate of 0.3 and 5 l/ha can be recommended to agricultural producers for use in the autumn-spring period to accelerate the decomposition of post-harvest residues.
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