《美国的生死:绝望之死与资本主义的未来

C. Ruhm
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引用次数: 7

摘要

这篇文章回顾了安妮·凯斯和安格斯·迪顿的《绝望的死亡和资本主义的未来》(以下简称《死亡》),这是一本关于20世纪末和21世纪初美国人的生与死的引人入胜的书。虽然这本书主要面向大众读者,但也会引起许多经济学家和其他社会科学家的兴趣。它假定美国资本主义是如何疯狂运转的——加上受教育程度较低的人经济环境的衰退,并在一定程度上造成了这种衰退——增加了毒品、自杀和慢性肝病的死亡率。在相当详细地描述了《死亡》中的材料之后,我提出了一系列需要回答的研究问题,以证实或反驳Case和Deaton的论点,并描述对他们关键假设的挑战。在后者中,假设的关系能够解释非西班牙裔白人与其他群体相比截然不同的死亡率轨迹,以及观察到的死亡率变化的时间。在此过程中,我对“绝望的死亡”概念的有用性提出了质疑,因为它对因果关系有着强烈的暗示。(j12, j14, j18, j11, j18)
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Living and Dying in America: An Essay on Deaths of Despair and the Future of Capitalism
This essay reviews Deaths of Despair and the Future of Capitalism (hereafter, DEATHS) by Anne Case and Angus Deaton, a fascinating account of life and death in the United States during the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. While primarily targeted toward a popular audience, the volume will be of interest to many economists and other social scientists. It postulates how American capitalism run amok—combined with and partially causing the declining economic circumstances of the less educated—has increased mortality from drugs, suicide, and chronic liver disease. After describing the material in DEATHS in considerable detail, I suggest a variety of research questions that need to be answered to confirm or refute Case and Deaton’s arguments and describe challenges to their key hypotheses. Among the latter are the ability of the postulated relationships to explain the sharply differing mortality trajectories of non-Hispanic Whites, compared with other groups, and the timing of the observed mortality changes. Along the way, I raise doubts about the usefulness of the “deaths of despair” conceptualization, with its strong implications about causality. (JEL I12, I14, I18, J11, J18)
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