不同成熟期隐韭叶真菌内生菌的多样性

Sujata Bhardwaj, N. S. Abbas, Babeeta C. Kaula, A. Prakash
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摘要

本文对印度中央邦部落药用植物隐皮草(Cryptolepis buchanani)各层次和部分叶片的内生菌群多样性进行了研究。从360个叶片中分离得到17种真菌383株,其中9株不产孢(不育)。在鉴定的17种中,丝孢菌为优势纲,曲霉、炭疽菌和胡氏菌为优势属。定植频率(CF)在成熟叶中较高(78.3%),在幼叶中相对较低(51.1%),从叶基部(66.7%)到叶尖(62%)有边际降低。统计分析表明,叶片水平对真菌内生菌的CF和多样性有显著影响,而叶片各子部位对真菌内生菌的影响较小。对该内生菌的生化特性分析表明,该内生菌能产生多种酶,如蛋白酶、淀粉酶、脂肪酶、纤维素酶、木聚糖酶和果胶酶。这些真菌酶可以用于食品、制药、饮料、纺织品、糖果和皮革工业。这些具有生物活性的天然产品易于加工,因为它们通常比从其他来源获得的产品更稳定。酶活性也有助于更好地了解宿主与内生菌的关系。然而,为了经济高效地生产基于植物的新型生态友好型生物分子,真菌内生菌领域还需要广泛的研究。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Diversity of fungal endophytes at different maturity levels of Cryptolepis buchanani leaves
A study on endophytic microflora diversity at each level and portion of the leaves of Cryptolepis buchanani, a medicinal plant used by tribals of Madhya Pradesh, India was carried out in the present investigation. As many as 383 isolates from 360 discs of leaves belonging to 17 fungal species and 9 isolates, which did not show any sporulation (sterile), were recovered. Among the 17 identified species, hyphomycetes is the dominant class and Aspergillus, Colletotrichum and Khuskia are the dominant genera. Colonization frequency (CF) was higher in mature leaves (78.3%) and comparatively lower in younger leaves (51.1%) and there was a marginal decrease in CF from the base of the leaf (66.7%) towards the leaf apex (62%). Statistical analysis revealed that level of the leaf had a significant effect on CF and diversity of fungal endophytes, while as leaf sub-parts had little influence.  Biochemical characterization of the endophyte revealed the production of various enzymes viz. protease, amylase, lipase, cellulase, xylanase and pectinase. These fungal enzymes can be tapped for food, pharma, beverages, textiles, confectionaries, and leather industries. These bioactive natural products are easy to process as they are usually more stable than products obtained from other sources. The enzymatic activities also help to get a better insight into the host-endophyte relationship. However, the world of fungal endophytes needs to be researched extensively for production of plant based novel eco-friendly biomolecules in cost-effective manner.
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