进气系统设计对现代内燃机粉尘离心及零件磨损的影响

Q4 Engineering
Александр Эдуардович Хрулев, С. А. Дмитриев
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引用次数: 2

摘要

利用电动起动器驱动曲轴时轴转矩与柴油机转矩的相关性,采用经典的标定起动器方法。确定了一些标准机油在起动温度范围内粘度-温度特性的回归依赖关系和经验扭矩对机油运动粘度的依赖关系。因此,在HSSDDE启动期间使用可变负载创建了一个等效冷启动温度表。在实验结果的基础上,给出了其它油在运行时的等效冷启动温度的理论计算值。指定冷启动等效温度因子的变化范围,用于进一步对HSSDDE启动过程进行多因素调查,其取值为0°C, 5°C和10°C。由于磨料磨损的增加而导致的非计划的ICE耐久性降低的设计经济环境。本文从内燃机进气系统对零件磨料磨损的影响角度出发,研究了内燃机进气系统的典型设计方案。在确定研磨颗粒的可能来源时,发现广泛使用的纤维材料空气过滤器在严重污染时具有通过灰尘的特性。在这方面,对于进气系统的一个典型元件,开发了一种方法来计算粒子沿气流线的曲线运动,考虑了通道侧出口附近的作用力。采用空气沿半径运动的假设进行计算,结果表明,由于离心作用,粉尘颗粒偏离气流线,运动半径较大,随着粒径和风速的增大,运动半径增大。利用ANSYS软件对两相流进行数值模拟,验证了计算结果的可靠性。在10 ~ 20 μm的最具破坏性磨粒范围内,粒子运动计算方法的计算结果与仿真结果吻合,精度不低于±20%。将计算和模拟结果与内燃机故障原因研究的实验数据进行比较,证实了由于进气系统中颗粒分布不均匀,可能会在一个或多个气缸中发生局部磨粒磨损。根据所获得的结果,制定了提高ICE运行可靠性和耐久性的建议,包括不仅需要在设计时考虑粉尘离心过程,而且还需要改进现有ICE的维护程序。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
INFLUENCE OF THE INLET SYSTEM DESIGN ON DUST CENTRIFUGATION AND THE PARTS WEAR OF THE MODERN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
with the classical method of a calibrated starter using the correlation of electric starter shaft torque while motoring the crankshaft with the diesel engine torque. Some standard motor oils viscosity-temperature characteristics regression dependences in the range of starting temperatures and the empirical torque dependence on the oil kinematic viscosity are determined. As a result, a table of equivalent cold start temperatures was created using variable loads during HSSDDE startup. On the basis of the results of the experiment the theoretically calculated values of equivalent cold start temperatures for other oils used in the operation of HSSDDE are given. Specified range of variation of the cold start equivalent temperature factor for further polyfactorial investiga-tion of the HSSDDE start process, which will take values of 0 °C, 5 °C and 10 °C. on the ICE design economic environmental of ab-normal unplanned reduction of the ICE durability due to increased abrasive wear. this, a study of typical design solutions of the intake system of the internal combustion engines from the point of view of their on the abrasive wear of the parts. In determining the possible sources of abrasive particles, it was found that the widely used air filters from fibrous materials have the property to pass dust when heavily contaminated. In this regard, for a typical element of the inlet system, a method was developed for calculating the curvilinear motion of the particle along the air flow line considering the acting forces near the lateral outlet from the channel. Calculation with the assumption of the air movement along the radius showed that, as a result of centrifugation, the dust particle deviates from the air flow line and moves by a larger radius which increases with the particle size and air speed. The reliability of the calculation results was estimated by numerically simulating a two-phase flow using the ANSYS software package. A coincidence of the calculation results by the method of particle motion calculation with the simulation results in the range of the most destructive abrasive particles of 10-20 μm with an accuracy of no worse than ± 20% is obtained. Comparison of calculation and simulation results with experimental data from studies of the causes of ICE failures confirmed that local abrasive wear in one or more cylinders can occur due to uneven particle distribution in the intake system. Based on the results obtained, recommendations are formulated to increase the reliability and durability of ICE in operation, including the need not only to take into account dust centrifugation processes during design, but also the possible refinement of maintenance procedures for existing ICEs.
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来源期刊
内燃机学报
内燃机学报 Engineering-Mechanical Engineering
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1.00
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发文量
3050
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