在三个奶牛群中,一次性皮下注射针头和产科套未能减少牛白血病病毒的传播

V. J. Ruggiero, P. Bartlett
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引用次数: 6

摘要

本研究的目的是确定一次性皮下注射针头和生殖检查套在减少奶牛群中牛白血病病毒(BLV)传播方面的效用。许多流行病学研究已经确定重复使用针头和检查套是BLV的重要危险因素,因此,采用一次性针头和检查套的做法是减少BLV传播的一种普遍建议的管理改变。我们对3个中西部商业奶牛群进行了现场试验,这些奶牛群没有将一次性使用针头或套筒作为其牛群健康方案的一部分。此外,每个牛群的成年奶牛中BLV的患病率至少为20%。BLV乳汁elisa阴性的奶牛随机分配接受新的一次性针头和新的检测套(干预组)。我们还监测和测试了BLV牛奶- elisa阴性的奶牛,这些奶牛接受了与elisa阳性牛群(对照组)共享的针和套的标准管理实践。通过半年一次的BLV牛奶- elisa检测来确定新感染的累积发生率。两组间新发BLV感染的累计发生率无统计学差异。仍建议采取医疗卫生措施预防血源性传播,但在这3个畜群中,重复使用针头和袖子似乎不是BLV传播的主要途径。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Single-use hypodermic needles and obstetric sleeves failed to reduce bovine leukemia virus transmission in three dairy herds
The objective of this study was to determine the utility of single-use hypodermic needles and reproductive examination sleeves in reducing the transmission of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) in dairy herds. Numerous epidemiological studies have identified re-use of needles and exam sleeves as significant risk factors for BLV, therefore adopting a practice of single-use needles and sleeves is a commonly suggested management change for reducing BLV transmission. We conducted a field trial on 3 midwestern commercial dairy herds that had not been employing single use of needles or sleeves as part of their herd health protocol. Additionally, each of the herds had a BLV prevalence among adult cows of at least 20%. BLV milk-ELISA negative cows were randomly assigned to always receive a new single-use needle and new exam sleeve (intervention group). We also monitored and tested BLV milk-ELISA negative cows that received the standard management practice of needles and sleeves that were shared with ELISA-positive herd mates (controls). Cumulative incidence of new infections was determined by semiannual BLV milk-ELISA testing. The cumulative incidence of new BLV infections was not statistically different between the 2 groups. Medical hygiene to prevent bloodborne transmission is still recommended, but in these 3 herds, re-use of needles and sleeves did not appear to be a major route of BLV transmission.
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