Total protein in gingival crevicular fluid as indicators of periodontal disease activity: A clinico biochemical analysis

Background: Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) is regarded as a promising medium for detection of markers of periodontal disease activity. Very few investigators have examined concentration of total protein in GCF, but most results are not in agreement to one another. Aim: This study was undertaken to quantitatively estimate total protein concentration of GCF in gingivitis and periodontitis and to find reliability of these as diagnostic markers of disease activity. This will indicate the stage of disease activity, help in early diagnosis, prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases. Materials and Methods: Study included patients between 18 and 55 years, divided into two groups: Gingivitis (Group-I) and periodontitis (Group-II). Using volumetric micro capillary pipette 1 μl GCF was collected for quantitative analysis of total protein using spectrophotometry. Results: The concentration of total protein in GCF and their significant correlation with gingival index, pocket depth measurements, reflects the clinical status of gingival and periodontal tissues. Conclusions: Estimation of proteins may be used as potential diagnostic markers of active disease status in periodontal tissues and to predict effective methods of prevention and treatment.