“逐渐断奶,准备好并愿意放弃一切”:大西洋中部早期贵格会妇女的母性、虔诚和痛苦

IF 0.2 Q2 HISTORY
J. Lindman
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引用次数: 0

摘要

精神、情感和肉体之间的相互作用是影响美国共和早期白人妇女、分娩和儿童死亡历史的重要因素。尽管早期美国的历史学家对生育和母性的社会、文化和医学意义进行了研究,但生育的精神层面在很大程度上被忽视了。《闺蜜》为生育赋予了宗教意义,以抑制伴随而来的痛苦和恐惧,表达生育的喜悦和快乐。这种分娩方式将身心结合到一种建立在服从、谦虚、毅力和纪律之上的灵性中。在贵格会妇女的生活中,一连串的怀孕、分娩、哺乳、抚养孩子和疾病(与生育有关的和无关的)不仅会引起身体上的虚弱,而且会引起精神上的反思。怀孕和分娩增加了早死的可能性,同时也为妇女提供了与上帝互动并请求他怜悯和支持的手段。虔诚引导了因怀孕、分娩和失去孩子而带来的存在和情感困境。通过调查早期美国朋友的身体、痛苦和情感的宗教意义,本文认为贵格会母性的经验方面完全沉浸在灵性中。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
"To have a gradual weaning & be ready & wiling to resign all": Maternity, Piety, and Pain among Quaker Women of the Early Mid-Atlantic
abstract:Interactions among the spiritual, emotional, and corporeal were significant factors in the history of white women, childbirth, and child death in the early American republic. Though the social, cultural, and medical meanings of parturiency and motherhood have been studied by historians of early America, the spiritual aspects of reproduction have largely been ignored. Female Friends infused childbearing with religious meaning to contain its accompanying pain and fear as well as to express its joy and pleasure. This form of childbirth incorporated the mind and body into a spirituality built on obedience, modesty, perseverance, and discipline. The succession of pregnancy, delivery, nursing, child rearing, and sickness (both related and unrelated to reproduction) in a Quaker woman's life induced not only physical frailty but also spiritual reflection. Pregnancy and childbirth raised the possibility of an early death at the same time they afforded women the means to interact with God and to ask for his mercy and support. Piety channeled the existential and emotional dilemmas posed by pregnancy, childbirth, and child loss. By surveying the religious significance of bodies, pain, and emotion among early American Friends, this essay contends that the experiential aspects of Quaker motherhood were thoroughly steeped in spirituality.
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CiteScore
0.30
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发文量
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