Heart-type fatty acid binding protein: the promising biological marker in heart failure

In recent decades, significant progress has been made in the study of cardiovascular biological markers. The introduction into clinical practice of studying the concentration of natriuretic peptides used as markers for the diagnostic and prognostic assessment of patients with chronic heart failure became the crucial event. At present, the assessment of the values concerning the ventricular natriuretic peptide and its N-terminal precursor is the gold standard in laboratory diagnosis of heart failure and predicting its course. However, there are limitations due to the influence of several factors on their indicators, the ambiguity of threshold values and rather low information content in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Even a special sub-study of the large-scale PROTECT protocol could not identify an ideal single biomarker among 48 different markers for prognostic evaluation of patients with acute heart failure. All this determines the need for further search for highly sensitive and more specific markers. This review is devoted to the study of the possibility of using heart-type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP) as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in heart failure. To date, one of the possible applications of H-FABP may be in the diagnosis of the early stages of heart ischemia and inflammation. KEYWORDS: heart failure, biological marker, left ventricular ejection fraction, Heart-type fatty acid binding protein, troponin, natriuretic peptides. FOR CITATION: Aliyeva A.M., Baykova I.E., Reznik E.V. et al. Heart-type fatty acid binding protein: the promising biological marker in heart failure. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2022;6(1):5–11 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2022-6-1-5-11.