儿童中常见的口服抗生素对尿路感染(UTI)产生耐药性的因素

H. Khanum, N. Biswas
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摘要

本研究旨在了解导致尿路感染(UTI)儿童复发性感染和抗生素耐药性的因素。答复者的社会人口学特征对于确定对抗生素耐药性的认识水平很重要;1 ~ 5岁、5.1 ~ 9岁、9.1 ~ 12岁和12.1 ~ 15岁分别占16.1%、21.9%、29.9%和32.1%。137例儿童中,男性占17.5%,女性占82.5%;结果显示,34.3%的儿童每天饮水量在500毫升以下,40.1%的儿童每天饮水量在500 - 1000毫升之间,21.1%的儿童每天饮水量在1000 - 1500毫升之间,只有4.4%的儿童每天饮水量在1500毫升以上。调查结果显示,50.4%的儿童有抗生素使用史,29.9%的儿童不知道是否有抗生素使用史,5.8%的儿童没有抗生素使用史。在81例接受UTI治疗的儿童中,76.5%的儿童在抗生素治疗后完全治愈,19.8%的儿童在抗生素治疗后未治愈。在43名按时服用抗生素的儿童中,79%的儿童服用1至3天,16.3%的儿童服用3至5天,4.7%的儿童服用5至7天。男童、保持厕所卫生与尿路感染复发呈正相关。尿路感染复发时,54.4%的调查对象使用水维持儿童厕所卫生,92.8%的调查对象使用除水以外的其他方式维持儿童厕所卫生,差异有统计学意义(p<0.05)。发生反复尿路感染和对某些抗生素产生耐药性的主要因素是从药房服药、自行处方、疗程不完整以及缺乏卫生和饮水不足。应合理使用抗生素,在使用抗生素治疗尿路感染前,尿液培养敏感性应是一项强制性检查。有必要通过卫生运动提高对抗生素耐药性的认识。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Factors responsible for developing common oral antibiotic resistant to urinary tract infection (UTI) among the children
The present study is designed to access the factors responsible for developing recurring infection and antibiotic resistance among children with urinary tract infection (UTI). The socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents are important to determine the level of awareness regarding antibiotic resistance; 16.1% children were between 1 to 5 years of age, 21.9% between 5.1 to 9 years, 29.9% between 9.1 to 12 years and 32.1% between 12.1 to 15 years of age who were suffering from UTI. Out of 137 children, 17.5% males were suffering from UTI and the rest 82.5% were females; it reveals that 34.3% children intakes less than 500 ml of water every day while 40.1% intakes 500 to 1000 ml of water, 21.1% children take about 1000 to 1500 ml of water and only 4.4% intakes more than 1500 ml of water every day. The present investigation showed that 50.4% of the children had a history of taking antibiotics while 29.9% did not know whether the child had a history of taking antibiotics and 5.8% has no history of taking antibiotic. Out of the 81 children who received treatment for UTI, 76.5% were fully cured after receiving antibiotic while 19.8% were not cured after taking antibiotic. Out of the 43 children who took the antibiotic on time, 79% took it for 1 to 3 days, 16.3% took it for 3 to 5 days and 4.7% took it for 5 to 7 days. Positive correlation found with male children, maintaining toilet hygiene and recurrent UTI.54.4% respondent used water to maintain the child’s toilet hygiene suffered from recurrent UTI and 92.8% respondent used other means excluding water to maintain the child’s toilet hygiene suffered from recurrent UTI (p<0.05). The major factors for developing recurrent UTI and resistance to certain antibiotics are taking medicine from pharmacy, doing self-prescription, incomplete medication courses along with lack of hygiene and insufficient water intake. There should be rational use of antibiotic and culture sensitivity for urine should be a mandatory test before administering antibiotics for UTI. There is need to build awareness about antibiotic resistance through health campaigns.
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