埃利亚原则有什么特点?

IF 0.1 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Sosseh Assaturian
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引用次数: 0

摘要

根据埃利亚原则,只有有能力影响或被影响的项目才是。最近,有一个问题是,如果有的话,Eleatic原则(EP)是什么。我在柏拉图的《诡辩家》中考察了所谓的EP的起源,并认为该文本提出了三种影响或被影响事物的方式:(1)作为有形接触,(2)作为剑桥变化,(3)通过对其他事物的方式负责。接下来,我将着眼于历史上的埃利亚派,寻找欧洲议会的前身。针对这一领域最近的研究,我认为巴门尼德、芝诺和梅利苏斯的作品中都有EP的元素。巴门尼德的诗通过光与夜的相互作用,以及对可知事物的描述,与(1)和(2)相一致。芝诺的移动箭头悖论使用了(2)的元素,而他关于完全可分性的论证为(3)添加了先决条件。最后,与梅利苏斯否认感性世界存在的传统观点相反,我表明,对梅利苏斯来说,感性世界与现实并存。现实世界与感性世界之间的因果联系,以及梅利索斯对现实世界作为知识客体的承诺,使得梅利索斯成为了一个爱利亚主义者,他的爱利亚主义在《爱利亚原则》中得到了最充分的体现。EP在当代形而上学中应用的替代方案,以及将一个埃利亚派访客作为一个经常被视为对埃利亚派批评的对话的主要对话者的原因出现了。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
What’s Eleatic about the Eleatic Principle?
According to the Eleatic Principle, only items which have the capacity to affect or be affected are. Recently, there has been a question about what, if anything, is Eleatic about the Eleatic Principle (EP). I examine the purported origins of the EP in Plato’s Sophist and argue that the text presents three ways in which something can affect or be affected: (1) as tangible contact, (2) as Cambridge change, and (3) by being responsible for the way something else is. Next, I look to the historical Eleatics in search of precursors to the EP. Against recent work in this area, I argue that elements of the EP are present in Parmenides, Zeno, and Melissus. The poem of Parmenides is compatible with (1) and (2) through the interaction of Light and Night, and the characterization of what-is as knowable. Zeno’s moving arrow paradox employs elements of (2), while his argument from complete divisibility adds preconditions to (3). Finally, against the traditional view that Melissus denies the existence of the sensible world, I show that for Melissus, the sensible world exists alongside what-is. The causal link between what-is and the sensible world, along with Melissus’ commitment to what-is as the object of knowledge renders Melissus the Eleatic whose Eleaticism is most represented in the Eleatic Principle. Alternatives for the application of the EP in contemporary metaphysics and reasons for the inclusion of an Eleatic visitor as the main interlocutor of a dialogue that is often taken as a criticism of Eleaticism emerge.
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