斯洛伐克配电线路沿线鸟类死亡率的综合分析

M. Gális, Ladislav Naďo, E. Hapl, J. Šmídt, L. Deutschová, J. Chavko
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引用次数: 8

摘要

众所周知,在全球范围内,电线上的碰撞和触电每年导致大量鸟类死亡。我们对斯洛伐克13个特别保护区22 kV和110 kV配电线路造成的鸟类死亡进行了综合研究。2014年12月至2016年2月,在2014年12月至2015年3月和2015年4月至2016年2月的两次现场调查中,对6235公里的电力线进行了两次检查。此外,在第二次实地调查期间,每隔一个月对确定对鸟类碰撞最危险的电力线进行了深入研究。结果,共鉴定出14目84种4353具鸟类尸体和遗骸。疑似触电死亡占76.72%,疑似碰撞死亡占23.28%。在所有已确认的触电受害者中,有40%与迅猛龙有关。有两个高峰发生,第一次是在3月,天鹅、野鸡、普通黑鸟、鸭子和苍鹭的触电率很高,以及碰撞,第二次是在9月,主要是猛禽、喜鹊和鸦类的触电。我们无法量化死亡率的季节性模式,因为反复进行的死亡率调查样本有限,这些调查是由检查的大型电力线网格造成的。我们对100多个架线塔进行了全面的统计分析,并计算了它们对鸟类的潜在风险。数据集显示出较强的空间相关性。金属分支塔和交叉臂以上的支撑绝缘子上有外露跳线的角塔是最危险的配置,占所有记录的触电死亡人数的34.72%(0.13具尸体/塔)。在斯洛伐克也有两种重要的鸟类被电死的案例,这两种鸟类是:萨克猎鹰(Falco cherrug)和东方帝王鹰(Aquila heliaca)。本研究的结果可能会大大改善保护管理和减少鸟类死亡率所需的政策。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Comprehensive analysis of bird mortality along power distribution lines in Slovakia
Abstract Collisions and electrocutions on power lines are known to kill large numbers of birds annually on a global scale. We conducted comprehensive research focused on bird mortality caused by 22 kV and 110 kV distribution power lines in 13 Special Protection Areas in Slovakia. In the period between December 2014 and February 2016, 6,235 km of power lines were inspected twice during two periods (12/2014–03/2015 and 04/2015–02/2016) of field survey. In addition an intensive study was conducted during the second field survey at one-month intervals on power lines identified as the most dangerous for birds to collide with. As a result, 4,353 bird carcasses and bird remains representing 84 bird species and 14 orders were identified. Electrocution was suspected for 76.72% and collision for 23.28% of fatalities. Raptors were associated with 40% of all identified victims of electrocution. Two peaks of incidence were recorded, the first in March with a high rate of electrocutions as well as collisions of swans, pheasants, common blackbirds, ducks and herons, and the second in September predominantly featuring electrocution of raptors, magpies and corvids. We were unable to quantify seasonal patterns of mortality due to the limited sample of repeated mortality surveys resulting from the large grid of inspected power lines. We conducted comprehensive statistical analysis of more than 100 configurations of pylons and calculated their potential risk towards birds. Strong spatial correlation was revealed in the data set. Metal branch pylons and corner pylons with exposed jumper wires passing over the supporting insulators above the cross arms were the most dangerous configuration, accounting for 34.72% of total recorded electrocution fatalities (0.13 carcass/pylon). Cases of electrocution were also recorded for two bird species of major conservation concern in Slovakia: saker falcon (Falco cherrug) and eastern imperial eagle (Aquila heliaca). The results of this study may substantially improve conservation management and policies needed to reduce bird mortality.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
审稿时长
12 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal for science, research and conservation on birds of prey and owls. Slovak Raptor Journal is issued generally annually and publishes original papers, reviews, short notes and other articles focusing on birds of prey and owls. All articles are published in English.
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