Effect of Different Sources of Nitrogen Application on Rice Yield and Soil Health in Saline Sodic Soil

Afield experiments were carried out during 2021 and 2022 rice grown seasons. The site of experiment was located at El-Hamoal, Kafr El-Sheikh –Egypt. The goal of study to investigate the effect of different treatments application such as (urea, gypsum, compost and farmyard manure) as well as their duality treatments and water depths on saline soil properties and productivity of rice ( Oryza sativa , cv Giza179). The main findings were displayed as following. All treatments reduced the bulk density (BD), electrical conductivity (EC), pH under saline soil condition except urea treatment. Compost + gypsum treatment under 10 cm water depth caused the lowest value of BD, EC, pH of surface soil in both seasons, Meanwhile hydraulic conductivity, total porosity, organic matter increased in two saline soil layers by applying different soil treatments and two water depths especially 10 cm except urea treatment at rice harvesting in the two study seasons. The lowest values of soil nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium contents were found in control plots. Meanwhile, the highest values of the increments were obtained by the duality treatment of the tested materials in soil layers of the two seasons. A significant and progressive increment in all different rice yield components with application of soil treatments and water depths especially at 10 cm. Additionally, the duality treatment of the tested materials seemed to be the most effective treatment in increasing measured