来自EDEN母婴队列的儿童早期暴露于多不饱和脂肪酸和精神运动发育

J. Y. Bernard, M. Armand, A. Forhan, M. Agostini, M. Charles, B. Heude
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引用次数: 3

摘要

流行病学研究报告称,与从未母乳喂养的儿童相比,母乳喂养的儿童精神运动发育有所改善。人体研究表明,多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA),特别是母乳中含量很高的长链PUFA (LC-PUFA),可以解释这种联系,因为它们是产前和产后大脑发育所需要的。我们的目的是研究在EDEN队列中,产前和产后暴露于PUFA与2岁和3岁儿童精神运动发展之间的关系。在考虑了潜在的混杂因素后,我们评估了母乳喂养时间、初乳PUFA水平和孕妇孕期饮食中PUFA摄入量,我们将其与精神运动发育的三个分数联系起来。母乳喂养持续时间与精神运动发育呈正相关。未发现产前和产后暴露于LC-PUFA之间的关系。然而,母亲饮食中的omega-6/omega-3比例与精神运动发育呈负相关,主要由亚油酸(LA)的摄入驱动。在母乳喂养的儿童中,亚油酸水平与精神运动发育呈负相关。此外,暴露于最高初乳LA水平的儿童比暴露于最低初乳LA水平的儿童更接近于从未母乳喂养的儿童。综上所述,这些结果并没有提供支持产前和产后暴露于LC-PUFA对后期精神运动发展的积极作用的证据,但强调了在生命早期暴露于高LA水平的潜在负面作用。从公共卫生的角度来看,这项工作重申需要延长母乳喂养时间,并监测怀孕和哺乳期间多聚脂肪酸摄入量的平衡。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Early life exposure to polyunsaturated fatty acids and psychomotor development in children from the EDEN mother-child cohort
Epidemiological studies have reported that breastfed children have improved psychomotor development compared to never breastfed children. Human studies suggest that polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), especially long chain PUFA (LC-PUFA) which are highly contained in breast milk, could explain this link, since they are needed for pre-and postnatal brain development. Our aim was to study the relationships between several measures of pre-and postnatal exposures to PUFA and child's psychomotor development at 2 and 3 years in the EDEN cohort. We evaluated breastfeeding duration, colostrum PUFA levels and maternal dietary PUFA intake during pregnancy, that we related with three scores of psychomotor development, after taking into account potential confounders. Breastfeeding duration was positively associated with psychomotor development. No relationship was found with both pre-and postnatal exposure to LC-PUFA. However, the maternal dietary omega-6/omega-3 ratio was negatively associated with psychomotor development, mainly driven by intake in linoleic acid (LA). Among breastfed children, linoleic acid levels were negatively associated with psychomotor development. Furthermore, children exposed to the highest colostrum LA levels tended to score closer to never breastfed children than to children exposed to the lowest colostrums LA levels. Taken together, these results do not provide evidence in favour of a positive role of pre-and postnatal exposure to LC-PUFA on later psychomotor development, but highlight a potential negative role of being exposed in early life to high LA levels. From a public health perspective, this work reiterates the need to promote breastfeeding duration, and to monitor the balance of PUFA intake during pregnancy and lactation periods.
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