. Genes of proline metabolism in biotechnology of increasing wheat osmostability

Aim. To analyse effectiveness of introduced genes of ornithine-δ-aminotransferase  (oat) Medicago  truncatula and fragments of two copies of first exon and intron of the gene prolinedehydrogenase (pdh) of Arabidopsis thaliana, that form double stranded RNA suppressor of gene  of the prolinedehydrogenase wheat, in the increase of her productivity for the actions ofosmotic stress. Methods. Determination of the content of free L-proline (Pro); of the activity of the enzyme ornithine-δ-aminotransferase (OAT), the activity of proline dehydrogenase (PDG), indicators of crop structure. Results.  It was found that wheat plants with an additional copy of the oat gene are characterized by increased OAT activity, which is not reflected in the Pro content. Analysis of plants with integrated elements that form a double-stranded RNA suppressor of the pdh gene found a decrease in PDG activity and an increase in Pro content. It was found that T2 generation of biotechnological plants UK 322/17 with suppressor of the pdh gene and UK 95/17 with an additional copy of the oat gene, in drought conditions were characterized by higher rates for a number of crop elements compared to their original forms. Conclusions. Increased expression of the oat gene leads to improved wheat growth, which has a positive effect on plant productivity in conditions of water deficiency.  Partial suppression of the proline dehydrogenase gene causes improved performance due to the increased content of free proline during drought. Keywords: wheat, transgenic plants, proline, ornithine-δ-aminotransferase, proline dehydrogenase, soil drought, grain productivity.