纳米技术用于抗病毒药物的挑战和未来展望

Kavita Chahal, Renu Mishra
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引用次数: 1

摘要

在过去几十年中,致病性病毒的出现和重新出现引起了几次大流行。这已成为一个严重的公共卫生问题。主要原因可能是病毒的耐药性、潜伏期和毒性。此外,还有其他因素,如诊断不当和抗病毒药物引起的免疫抑制。因此,按照传统的药物开发方案快速开发抗病毒药物是具有挑战性的。然而,一些替代方法如RNA干扰(RNAi)基因抑制、核酸适体调控基因表达、核酶、新型药物传递系统、硅资源和纳米药物的最新进展反映出一线希望。基于纳米技术的策略在治疗管理(诊断、治疗和预防)危及生命的病毒感染方面显示出良好的前景。纳米颗粒潜在的药物应用基础包括它们与生物界面的相互作用、它们的粒径、良好的导电性和局部表面等离子体共振效应。本文综述了纳米技术在制备有效、安全的抗病毒药物方面的策略、挑战、缺陷和前景。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Challenges and Future Prospects of Nanotechnology for Antiviral Drugs
The emergence and re-emergence of pathogenic viruses during the last few decades are causing several pandemics. This has become a serious public health concern. The major causes could be resistance, latency, and toxicity of the virus. Also, there are other factors like improper diagnosis and immunosuppression caused by antivirals. Hence, the rapid development of antivirals following a conventional protocol of drug development is challenging. However, there is a ray of hope reflected from some alternative approaches such as gene inhibition by RNA interference (RNAi), regulation of gene expression by aptamers, ribozymes, novel drug delivery systems, in silico resources recent advances in nanomedicines. Nanotechnology-based strategies show pinkiepromise to the therapeutic management (diagnosis, treatment, and prevention) of life-threatening viral infections. The basis for the potential pharmaceutical use of nanoparticles includes their interactions with biological interfaces, their particle size, good electrical conductivity, and the Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance effect. This review discusses the strategies, challenges, drawbacks, and prospects of nanotechnology for making effective and safe antiviral drugs.
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