Effect of ablation on the nonlinear spike growth for the single-mode ablative Rayleigh–Taylor instability

The effect of ablation on the nonlinear spike growth of single-mode ablative Rayleigh–Taylor instability (RTI) is studied by two-dimensional numerical simulations. It is shown that the ablation can reduce the quasi-constant velocity and significantly suppress the reacceleration of the spike in the nonlinear phase. It is also shown that the spike growth can affect the ablation-generated vorticity inside the bubble, which further affects the nonlinear bubble acceleration. The vorticity evolution is found to be correlated with the mixing width (i.e., the sum of the bubble and spike growths) for a given wave number and ablation velocity. By considering the effects of mass ablation and vorticity, an analytical model for the nonlinear bubble and spike growth of single-mode ablative RTI is developed in this study. It is found that the nonlinear growth of the mixing width, induced by the single mode, is dominated by the bubble growth for small-scale ablative RTI, whereas it is dominated by the spike growth for classical RTI.