Принципи 3d моделювання механічних деталей для застосування 3d принтера.

The principles of 3D modeling of mechanical parts for the application of a 3D printer are revealed. The concept of "3D printer" is defined, it is noted that the 3D printer uses the method of layer-by-layer creation of a physical object on a digital 3D-model. A description of three-dimensional printing, such as rapid prototyping, is proposed, noting that this technology has broad prospects for development and implementation, because it has a number of advantages over traditional methods of creating various parts. The classification of 3D printers by purpose (consumer orientation) and by printing technology in the form of a table is given. Digital 3D technologies and cognitive programming are characterized, which open unique possibilities of reproduction of the most difficult spatial forms, objects and engineering constructions, mechanisms and it is emphasized that realization of these possibilities is connected with digital technology of management of material particles in 3D environment of 3D technology tools. Methods of 3D-modeling of mechanical parts are determined: 3D-modeling in the program COMPASS-3D; 3D scanning with a 3D scanner. Possibilities of the system of three-dimensional modeling which provide designing of machine-building products of any complexity and according to the most advanced design techniques are outlined. The system has tools for working by the method of "top down", or the method of downward design, as well as the method of "bottom up". The principles of scanning a part from four sides on an Artec 3D scanner using a rotary table are defined, where the scanning accuracy for this 3D scanner is up to 0.1% of the size of the scanned object. It is emphasized that scanning can be used to create accurate models of complex profile objects, which can then be used to obtain product prototypes, build new products based on existing ones.