在经济数字化转型的背景下,信息和通信技术统计的相关性问题

IF 7.6 1区 经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS
M. Karyshev
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To clarify the depth of this problem, there seems to be no better way than to carry out an analysis using statistical data collected and published by the Federal State Statistics Service. As statistical tools, descriptive statistics indexes are used to describe particular indicators, one of the methods of multivariate statistical analysis for obtaining a classification according to a number of characteristics (cluster hierarchical analysis) and, finally, a method for calculating an integral index that can rank the units of the analyzed population formed according to the type of economic activities (18 units), simultaneously for all of its constituent indicators.Results. The system of statistical indexes formed during the analysis included four thematic groups of indexes: a) IT infrastructure and access to it; b) the level and direction of use of IT services; c) availability and qualifications of IT specialists; d) information security. 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引用次数: 1

摘要

研究目的:在信息和通信技术的影响下,经济发生质的转变的过程被称为数字化转型。技术官僚背景下经济范式的变化提出了一个问题,即在新的条件下,现有的统计方法是否仍然可以客观和有效地应用于主题领域的研究。本文的目的是评估信息和通信技术领域的统计数据作为分析经济数字化转型的信息源的相关性,同时考虑到其行业特殊性。材料和方法。要弄清这个问题的严重性,似乎没有比利用联邦国家统计局收集和公布的统计数据进行分析更好的办法了。描述性统计指标是用来描述特定指标的统计工具,是多元统计分析的一种方法,根据一些特征获得分类(聚类层次分析),最后是一种计算积分指数的方法,它可以根据经济活动类型(18个单位)对所分析的人口单位进行排序,同时对其所有组成指标进行排序。在分析过程中形成的统计指标体系包括四个主题指标组:a) IT基础设施及其可及性;b)使用资讯科技服务的水平和方向;c) IT专家的可用性和资格;D)信息安全。描述性统计的计算表明,所有组(除了IT专家的存在和资格指数)都是同质的;比较算术平均值和中位数的值并不能说明它们的分布有任何显著的不对称性。利用Minkowski度量,采用Ward方法进行聚类层次分析,从而可以得到两个规模大致相等的产业集群和一个由信息通信领域的一种活动组成的单集群。然而,由此产生的分组不能明确回答某些行业在其组成组织的数字化转型中比其他行业优先的问题。为了解决这个问题,我们开发了一个积分指数,它包含了每组中最显著的指标(由专家选择)。通过对该综合指标的算术加权平均值进行计算,得到一个排序序列,并将其转化为一个类型分组,其领先者为信息通信领域的活动,局外人为农业。对这种分组的分析可以得出一个非常奇怪的结论:总的来说,在所分析的经济活动类型集合中,存在一个明显的趋势或依赖性——越接近物质生产领域的行业,其数字化转型综合指数的内在价值就越低。进行的分析令人信服地显示了信息和通信技术统计作为分析部门背景下经济数字化转型过程的信息源的重大可能性。同时,所分析的主题领域的动态性决定了修订统计指数制度的先决条件,以便更新该制度并提高信息和通信技术领域调查结果的出版效率
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
To the Question of the Relevance of Statistics of Information and Communication Technologies in the Context of the Digital Transformation of the Economy
Purpose of the study. The process of qualitative transformation of the economy under the influence of information and communication technologies is called digital transformation. The change of the economic paradigm in the technocratic context raises the question of whether the existing statistical methodology can still be applied objectively and effectively to the study of the subject area in the new conditions. The purpose of the article is to assess the relevance of statistics in the field of information and communication technologies as an information source for analyzing the digital transformation of the economy, taking into account its industry specifics.Materials and methods. To clarify the depth of this problem, there seems to be no better way than to carry out an analysis using statistical data collected and published by the Federal State Statistics Service. As statistical tools, descriptive statistics indexes are used to describe particular indicators, one of the methods of multivariate statistical analysis for obtaining a classification according to a number of characteristics (cluster hierarchical analysis) and, finally, a method for calculating an integral index that can rank the units of the analyzed population formed according to the type of economic activities (18 units), simultaneously for all of its constituent indicators.Results. The system of statistical indexes formed during the analysis included four thematic groups of indexes: a) IT infrastructure and access to it; b) the level and direction of use of IT services; c) availability and qualifications of IT specialists; d) information security. The calculation of descriptive statistics showed that all groups (with the exception of indexes of the presence and qualifications of IT specialists) are homogeneous; comparison of the values of the arithmetic mean and the median does not make it possible to declare any significant asymmetry in their distribution. Cluster hierarchical analysis was carried out by the Ward method using the Minkowski metric, which made it possible to obtain two approximately equal in size industry clusters and one mono-cluster, consisting of a type of activity in the field of information and communication. The resulting grouping, however, could not definite answer the question of the priority of some industries over others in the digital transformation of their constituent organizations. To solve this problem, an integral index was developed, which included the most significant indexes of each of the groups (selected by experts). As a result of calculating the values of this integral index based on the arithmetic weighted average, a ranked series was obtained, transformed into a typological grouping, the leader of which is activity in the field of information and communication, the outsider is agriculture. An analysis of this grouping made it possible to draw a very curious conclusion: in general, in the analyzed set of types of economic activity, there is a clear trend or dependence - the closer the industry is to the sphere of material production, the lower its inherent value of the integral index of digital transformation.Conclusion. The analysis carried out convincingly showed the significant possibilities of information and communication technology statistics as an information source for analyzing the process of digital transformation of the economy in the sectoral context. At the same time, the dynamism of the analyzed subject area determines the prerequisites for revising the system of statistical indexes in order to update it and increase the efficiency of publishing the results of surveys in the field of information and communication technologies
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来源期刊
CiteScore
8.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
175
期刊介绍: The Review of Economics and Statistics is a 100-year-old general journal of applied (especially quantitative) economics. Edited at the Harvard Kennedy School, the Review has published some of the most important articles in empirical economics.
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