Defeating MageCart Attacks in a NAISS Way

: MageCart attacks pose a security threat to E-commerce platforms by using e-skimmers to steal payment details. Image steganography is used by attackers to conceal e-skimmers, making detection challenging. Existing solutions have limitations, such as incompatibility or insufficient functionality. This research proposes NAISS, a server-side middlebox solution that leverages digital signatures to filter unauthorized images without requiring client-side modifications. The proof-of-concept implementation demonstrates the efficacy of NAISS, filtering 100% of state of the art stegoimages, while indicating areas for further improvement.