Clinical Effects of Insulin Glargine and Acarbose Tablets in the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus in the Elderly and Analysis of Glycosylated Hemoglobin

Objective: To analyze the clinical effects of insulin glargine and acarbose tablets in the treatment of diabetes mellitus in the elderly and the analysis of glycosylated hemoglobin. Methods: Patients (80 cases) from Taizhou City Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine (January 2021–December 2022) were randomly divided into two groups (40 cases/group). Patients in the control group were treated with acarbose tablets, whereas those in the observation group were treated with insulin glargine and acarbose tablets. The clinical effects were compared. Results: The difference in blood glucose level and quality of life score between the two groups before treatment was insignificant (P > 0.05). The total effective rate (97.5%) of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (85.0%); the blood sugar indices of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group; and the observation group scored higher in the quality-of-life scale than the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Diabetes in elderly is characterized by repeated attacks. The elderly often suffers from chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and respiratory system disease, making it is challenging to achieve the desired effect in treatment. Therefore, it is necessary to explore new treatment methods for the management of diabetes in the elderly. Insulin glargine is a new type of insulin analog, which can last for 24 hours, effectively controlling patients’ blood sugar level. According to research, insulin glargine can effectively regulate the blood sugar level of diabetic patients for an extended period of time, significantly lower the fasting blood sugar, and reduce the complications caused by hypoglycemia. Acarbose tablet, on the other hand, is an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, which prevents the breakdown of starch into sugar, thereby reducing postprandial blood sugar levels. For diabetic patients, especially those whose staple food is starch, acarbose is a suitable drug.