甜玉米作物土壤生物活性和毒性的变化

E. N. Efremova, A. Belyaev, N. Petrov
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引用次数: 0

摘要

土壤微生物的数量影响土壤的肥力和土壤微生物区系发生的过程。一个迫切需要研究的问题是,在资源节约、生物化和生态化原则的基础上,采用先进的方法来种植甜玉米,以获得高产作物。本研究的目的是研究甜玉米播种后土壤的毒性和生物活性。任务是确定土壤的生物活性和毒性,并在土壤毒性研究中比较农业实践的影响。四次重复双因素实验。实验是在阿斯特拉罕地区切诺yarsky区的Popov s.a.农场企业进行的。研究时间为2009 ~ 2015年。2009年和2015年在研究之初进行了生物活性和毒性测定。根据纤维素对O.E.的破坏强度评价,Pryazhnikova的水垢生物活性为强。与经验因素有密切的相关依赖关系,各指标之间的关系高且直接。在确定土壤毒性时,我们得出的结论是,在研究开始时,采用模板栽培的土壤形成了研究作物生长的有利条件。根据免耕,土壤毒性增加,表现为种子发芽率下降,幼苗质量下降。2015年再次访问。免耕后土壤毒性降低,种子萌发率平均提高5 ~ 8%。由于植物残体在土壤表面的积累,形成了上层腐殖质层,导致土壤中不断渗透土壤。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Changes in biological activity and toxicity of soil in sweet corn crops
The number of soil microorganisms affect the fertility of the soil and the processes occurring in the soil microflora. An urgent research problem is the rationale for the use of intensive technologies for the cultivation of sweet corn using progressive methods for obtaining a highly productive crop based on the principles of resource conservation, biologization and ecologization. The purpose of the research is to study the toxicity and biological activity of the soil after sowing sweet corn. The tasks are to determine the biological activity and toxicity of the soil, and comparative impact of agricultural practices in the study of soil toxicity. Two-factor experiment in quadruple repetition. The experiments were carried out on the farm enterprise of Popov S.A., the Chernoyarsky district of the Astrakhan region. The research period was 2009…2015. Determination of biological activity and toxicity was carried out at the beginning of the research in 2009 and 2015. According to the assessment of the intensity of the destruction of cellulose on O.E. Pryazhnikova’s scale biological activity was characterized as strong. A close correlation dependence on experience factors was noted, the relationship between the signs was high and direct. When determining the toxicity of the soil, we came to the conclusion that at the beginning of the research favorable conditions for the development of the studied crop were formed on soils cultivated by moldboard cultivation. According to zero tillage, an increase in soil toxicity was observed, which was expressed in a decrease in seed germination, the mass of seedlings. Revisited in 2015. Soil toxicity after zero tillage decreased in all variants, seed germination increased, on average, by 5...8%. As a result of the accumulation of plant residues on the soil surface, an upper humus layer was formed, leading to a constant penetration of ai r into the soil.
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