微分地点标记和微分物体标记

IF 0.5 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS
Martin Haspelmath
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引用次数: 22

摘要

摘要本文概述了不同的位置标记现象,并提出了一些似乎得到很好支持的共性。不同的位置标记是指根据名词的子类,特别是地名、无生命的普通名词和人类名词,对位置、降格或消融作用进行编码的情况。当语言表现出依赖于这些子类的不对称编码差异时,它们表现出与地名有关的较短(通常为零)的位置角色编码,而与人类名词有关的较长(通常为对立而不是词缀)的位置角色编码。与差分对象标记一样,差分位置标记可以通过频率不对称、频率期望以及对高效编码的普遍偏好来解释。我还认为,不同的地点标记模式提供了一个论据,反对需要诉诸避免歧义来解释不同的物体标记。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Differential place marking and differential object marking
Abstract This paper gives an overview of differential place marking phenomena and formulates a number of universals that seem to be well supported. Differential place marking is a situation in which the coding of locative, allative or ablative roles depends on subclasses of nouns, in particular place names (toponyms), inanimate common nouns and human nouns. When languages show asymmetric coding differences depending on such subclasses, they show shorter (and often zero) coding of place roles with toponyms, and longer (often adpositional rather than affixal) coding of place roles with human nouns. Like differential object marking, differential place marking can be explained by frequency asymmetries, expectations derived from frequencies, and the general preference for efficient coding. I also argue that differential place marking patterns provide an argument against the need to appeal to ambiguity avoidance to explain differential object marking.
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来源期刊
STUF-Language Typology and Universals
STUF-Language Typology and Universals LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS-
CiteScore
1.70
自引率
0.00%
发文量
16
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