高分辨率中子/ x射线联合成像探测器

V. Nagarkar, S. Miller, M. Marshall, C. Brown, C. Sosa, Bipin Singh, L. D'Aries
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引用次数: 0

摘要

联邦机构,包括美国能源部(NNSA)、化学武器防御中心(CWMD)和DTRA,都在美国政府预防、反击和应对恐怖分子或其他拥有核或放射性装置的对手的努力中发挥着至关重要的作用。为了支持其在防扩散、反恐和应急任务领域的职能和基本能力,这些机构需要先进的传感器和仪器,可用于快速识别威胁并获得计划应对所需的信息。在RMD,我们正在开发工具和技术来解决这些任务的一些需求。目前正在进行的一项工作涉及开发便携式、高空间分辨率、中子/ x射线照相组合探测器。该探测器能够对快中子、热中子和高能x射线进行高灵敏度成像,并将允许对材料识别目的进行数据分析。这种探测器的关键技术是制造一个大面积闪烁体转换器,可以同时检测快中子、热中子和硬x射线,并具有最高的效率。为了保持空间分辨率,闪烁体被微结构,以尽量减少传统的检测效率和空间分辨率之间的权衡。此外,闪烁体应足够明亮,以提高信噪比(SNR),其制造方法应适用于生产大面积传感器。我们正在研究几种实现这种传感器的方法。在这里,我们报告了基于便携式平板的大面积探测器的初步结果,该探测器的有效成像区域为25 cm × 30 cm,固有空间分辨率为139 μ m。该报告还包括闪烁体设计方法,GEANT4模拟闪烁体对各种辐射类型的响应,以及使用热中子,1 MeV至40 MeV之间的快中子和高达400 kV的硬x射线获得的实验成像数据。在ORNL和NIST中子束流线上对探测器的整体性能进行了评估。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
High Resolution Combined Neutron/X-ray Imaging Detector
Federal agencies including DOE (NNSA), CWMD, and DTRA all play a vital role in the U.S. government's efforts to prevent, counter, and respond to a terrorist or other adversary with a nuclear or radiological device. To support its functions and foundational capabilities across nonproliferation, counterterrorism, and emergency response mission areas, these agencies need advanced sensors and instrumentation that may be used to rapidly identify threats and get the information needed to plan a response. At RMD we are developing the tools and techniques that will address some of these mission needs. One ongoing effort involves the development of a portable, high spatial resolution, combined neutron/X-ray radiography detector. The detector is capable of high sensitivity imaging of fast neutrons, thermal neutrons, and high energy X-rays, and will permit data analysis for material identification purposes. The key enabling technology for such a detector is the fabrication of a large area scintillator converter that can simultaneously detect fast neutrons, thermal neutrons, and hard X-rays, with the highest possible efficiency. To preserve spatial resolution the scintillator is microstructured to minimize the traditional trade-off between the detection efficiency and spatial resolution. Additionally, the scintillator should be sufficiently bright for enhanced signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR), and its fabrication method should be amenable for producing large area sensors. We are investigating several approaches to realize such sensors. Here, we report preliminary results on a portable flat panel based large area detector measuring 25 cm × 30 cm in active imaging area, and an intrinsic spatial resolution of 139 µm. The report also includes scintillator design approaches, GEANT4 simulations of scintillator response to various radiation types, and experimental imaging data taken using thermal neutrons, fast neutrons between 1 MeV to 40 MeV, and hard X-rays up to 400 kV. The performance of the detector as a whole has been evaluated at ORNL and NIST neutron beam lines.
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