以KOH/Al2O3为多相催化剂从废食用油中生产生物柴油

I. Y. Erwa, Asmo Hassan, Raza Salim, Omer Adam Omer Ishag, M. Ahmed
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摘要

研究了氧化铝负载氢氧化钾(KOH/Al2O3)催化废食用油酯交换反应的性能。采用湿浸渍法合成催化剂后,采用XRD、FTIR、SEM等技术对催化剂进行了表征。评价了WCO及其制备的生物柴油的性能。WCO的主要脂肪酸为亚油酸(45.61%)、油酸(33.86%)、棕榈酸(10.32%)和硬脂酸(4.80%),酸值(2.29 mg KOH/g)、FFA(1.15%)、25℃密度(0.91 g/cm3)、40℃粘度(34.09 mm2/s)、含水量(0.0017%)和闪点(206℃)。催化剂的XRD谱图显示,KAlO2的衍射峰归属于结晶度为12.46%的正交晶系。扫描电镜证实了催化剂的无定形性质。FTIR证实了催化剂中存在K-O和Al-O键。在油甲醇比为1:4、催化剂用量为1.5% (w/v%)、反应温度为55℃、反应时间为1 h的条件下,生物柴油的产率为86.6%。结果表明,经过4次反应,产率从86.60%下降到51.50%。燃料性能为密度(0.8919 g/cm3)、粘度(7.428 cSt)、闪点(65℃)、酸值(0.54 mg KOH/g)和含水量(0.0196%)。此外,制备的生物柴油的性能已被发现符合ASTM和EN标准规范。该催化剂在低成本原料生产生物柴油方面显示出良好的效果。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Production of Biodiesel from Waste Cooking Oil Using KOH/Al2O3 as a Heterogeneous Catalyst
The catalytic performance of potassium hydroxide supported on alumina (KOH/Al2O3) for transesterification of waste cooking oil (WCO) was investigated. XRD, FTIR, and SEM techniques were used to characterize the catalyst after it had been synthesized using the wet impregnation method. The properties of the WCO and the produced biodiesel were evaluated. The main fatty acids of WCO were linoleic (45.61%), elaidic (33.86%), palmitic (10.32%), and stearic acid (4.80%), the acid value (2.29 mg KOH/g), FFA (1.15%), density at 25 °C (0.91 g/cm3), viscosity at 40 °C (34.09 mm2/s), water content (0.0017%), and flash point (206 °C). The XRD pattern of the catalyst showed diffraction peaks of KAlO2 attributed to the orthorhombic crystal system having a 12.46% degree of crystallinity. The SEM micrographs confirmed the amorphous nature of the catalyst. The presence of K–O and Al–O bonds in the catalyst was confirmed by the FTIR. A biodiesel yield of 86.6% was achieved with the following variables: oil to methanol ratio of 1:4, catalyst loading of 1.5% (w/v%), reaction temperature of 55 °C, and a reaction time of 1 h. The results appeared to show a decreasing pattern of yield after 4 cycles of reaction from 86.60 to 51.50%. The fuel properties were density (0.8919 g/cm3), viscosity (7.428 cSt), flash point (65 °C), acid number (0.54 mg KOH/g) and water content (0.0196%). Furthermore, the properties of the prepared biodiesel have been found to comply with the ASTM and EN standard specifications. This catalyst showed promising results for manufacturing biodiesel from low-cost feedstock.
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