花生(arachhis hypogaea L.)基因型上产苯乙烯能力与曲霉定殖的相互关系

Peanut Science Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI:10.3146/ps19-4.1
Jwalit J. Nayak, Pranavkumar Gajjar, S. M. Basha, K. Naik
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引用次数: 1

摘要

二苯乙烯是植物为避免或抵抗某些生物和非生物胁迫而表达的植物抗毒素。本研究旨在确定花生基因型产芪能力与曲霉菌定殖水平之间的相互关系。采用水浸泡、切成薄片、黄曲霉攻毒的方法,在离体花生子叶中诱导出芪。然后在子叶切片中测量真菌定植。结果表明,对照种子(未诱导二苯乙烯种子)和诱导二苯乙烯种子在真菌定植水平上存在显著差异。利用20个花生基因型进一步验证了这一发现,以确定种子产生芪的能力与真菌定殖水平之间的关系。结果表明,在20个基因型中,K1504、K1620和K1632基因型种子的真菌定殖率较对照种子低(无芪诱导),而DRT40、Kadiri-7、Narayani、DRT43和Tirupati-3基因型种子无真菌定殖。采用高效液相色谱法测定了不同子叶片中芪含量和成分的差异,以评价其产芪能力的遗传差异。对这些数据的比较评估表明,没有真菌定殖的基因型与表达相对较少的基因型相比,表达了大量的芪。总的来说,这些数据表明,表达高含量芪的基因型能够减轻真菌的定植,而表达相对低含量芪的基因型则能够维持真菌的定植,这表明该技术可能有助于筛选育种群体,以确定能够避免曲霉定植和黄曲霉毒素污染的基因型。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Interrelationship between stilbene producing ability and Aspergillus colonization on selected peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) genotypes
Stilbenes are phytoalexins expressed by plants to avoid/resist certain biotic and abiotic stresses. This study was envisioned to determine the interrelationship between stilbenes producing ability of peanut genotypes and Aspergillus colonization level. Stilbenes were induced in peanut cotyledon in vitro by soaking in water, cutting them into thin slices, and subsequently challenging them with Aspergillus flavus. Fungal colonization was then measured in the cotyledon slices. The results showed major differences in fungal colonization levels between the control (seed without stilbene induction) and stilbenes-induced seeds. This finding was further validated using twenty peanut genotypes to ensure the relationship between stilbenes producing ability of the seed and fungal colonization level. The result showed that of the 20 genotypes tested, seeds of genotypes K1504, K1620 and K1632 showed minimal fungal colonization compared to control seed (without stilbenes induction), while genotypes DRT40, Kadiri-7, Narayani, DRT43 and Tirupati-3 showed no fungal colonization. The differences in stilbenes content and composition of cotyledon slices was determined by HPLC to assess genetic differences in their stilbenes producing ability. Comparative evaluation of these data showed that the genotypes that showed no fungal colonization expressed significantly higher amounts of stilbenes compared to genotypes which expressed relatively lower amounts of stilbenes. Overall, these data suggest that the genotypes expressing high amounts of stilbenes were able to mitigate fungal colonization while the genotypes expressing relatively lower amounts of stilbenes sustained fungal colonization, which indicates that this technique may be useful for screening breeding population to identify genotypes capable of avoiding Aspergillus colonization and aflatoxin contamination.
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