高温高压设备应变-寿命疲劳分析:理论到验证

Á. Aguilar, P. D. Pathak, J. Stevens, Claire R Foley
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引用次数: 1

摘要

API Spec 17分委员会所涵盖的海底设备在使用传统分析方法评估外部环境载荷导致的疲劳寿命方面关注有限。随着高压高温(HPHT)技术的发展,该行业正在进入一个现代分析方法的时代,该分析方法采用复杂的材料测试程序,以评估高压和高温暴露对疲劳寿命的潜在影响。本文提出了一种满足API技术报告17TR8中HPHT设计指南的多轴应变寿命分析方法和实例。本文弥合了基于应变寿命的疲劳分析理论与实践之间的差距,并提出了一种针对HPHT镍合金部件的鲁棒过程,该部件是水下20,000 psi立式单管水下采油树的一部分。这项工作包括制定所需的环境材料试验策略,实际材料试验,然后是材料数据处理,其中包括统计校正和提取有效疲劳分析所需的参数。然后在有限元分析(FEA)中对组件进行了典型的加载序列分析,以观察其现场寿命。最后,采用临界平面法对模型中所有节点的有限元结果进行后处理。控制方程在整个分析中呈现,使读者能够发展自己的结果。立式单柱采油树的疲劳分析取决于对其生命周期的预测操作。使用预期负载直方图,执行一系列压力和热分析,以产生失效循环。实施Palmgren-Miner规则,可以获得工厂验收测试、现场寿命关井和注入压力循环产生的总损害。这不仅可以验证API技术报告17TR8所要求的安全系数是否满足,还可以对“假设”操作进行工程评估。从这个意义上说,一个操作的改变或增加将导致疲劳损伤的简单重新计算,而不需要从头开始进行分析。该方法还允许在其他压力范围和条件不变的情况下计算压力范围内的失效循环。该方法除了进行生命周期计算外,还对所有节点的损伤情况进行评估,生成全等高线图。等高线图,除了显示热点位置,当与结构分析结果一起使用时,使工程师能够评估改进和产品优化的领域。该方法提供了一种有效的方式来沟通和推荐产品的设计寿命能力,以预测预期负载场景组合的预期寿命。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Strain-Life Fatigue Analysis for HPHT Equipment: Theory to Validation
Subsea equipment covered by the API Spec 17 subcommittee has had limited focus on assessing fatigue life because of external environmental loads using traditional analysis methods. With the current trend of high-pressure, high-temperature (HPHT) development, the industry is migrating to an era of modern analysis methods with complex material testing programs to assess potential fatigue life impacts due to such high-pressure and -temperature exposures as well. This paper presents an approach and an example of a multiaxial strain-life analysis method that meets the provided HPHT design guidelines of API Technical Report 17TR8. The paper bridges the gap between theory and practicality in strain-life-based fatigue analysis and presents a robust process developed for HPHT nickel alloy components, which are part of the subsea 20,000-psi vertical monobore subsea tree. The endeavor includes strategizing for required material tests in environment, actual material testing, followed by material data processing, which includes statistical corrections and extraction of parameters necessary for efficient fatigue analysis. The components are then analyzed in finite-element analysis (FEA) with typical loading sequences as seen in its life of field. Finally, the FEA results are postprocessed using the critical plane approach for all nodes in the model. The governing equations are presented throughout the analysis to enable readers to develop their own results. The 20,000-psi vertical monobore tree fatigue analysis depends on the operations forecasted for its life cycle. Using the expected load histogram, a series of pressure and thermal analyses were executed to produce cycles to failure. Implementing the Palmgren–Miner's rule enabled obtaining the total damage produced by factory acceptance tests total field life shut-ins, and flow-in pressure cycles. This not only serves as verification that the required safety factor is met per API Technical Report 17TR8 but also enables making engineering assessments of "what-if" operations. In this sense, a change or addition of an operation will lead to a simple recalculation of fatigue damage without requiring performing the analysis from the ground up. The method also allows for computation of cycles to failure for a pressure range when the other pressure ranges and conditions don't change. In addition to the life cycle calculation, the method evaluates the damage of all nodes, which produces full-contour plots. The contour plots, in addition to displaying the hot-spot locations, when used with structural analysis results, enable the engineer to assess areas of improvement and product optimization. The method proposed gives an effective way to communicate and recommend the design life capabilities of a product to the operator to predict life expectancy for combinations of expected load scenarios.
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