里海海上抗冰油气平台作业人员的心理适应特点

Y. Korneeva, N. Simonova
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引用次数: 0

摘要

石油平台上的飞出人员暴露在极端的气候、地理和生产因素中,并且处于群体隔离状态,这对飞出人员的身体要求往往超过其储量。这排除了对这些条件的充分心理适应的可能性,并导致专科医生出现不利的功能状态,导致心理健康水平下降,生产力下降,专业表现下降。不同职业的劳动者的劳动任务在生理应激和有害生产要素作用程度上存在差异。目的是确定里海海上抗冰油气生产平台飞进飞出员工的心理适应能力。该研究是在里海的海上抗冰平台上进行的(2019年4月),50名员工参加了研究(飞进期- 14天\飞出期- 14天)。研究方法有问卷调查、心理测试和心理生理测试。通过心理适应,我们理解了一种人格特征系统,这是我们领导活动的生产性表现所必需的。由于飞进飞出油气工人受气候、生产和社会心理等因素的影响,我们将通过主观标准(调节过程、主观控制、社会心理适应、个人特征等指标)和客观标准(功能状态水平(工作能力、工作压力等)来研究心理适应性。功能储备和工作能力处于最优水平和较低水平的员工表现出心理适应的独特性。油气生产平台员工的特点是具有高度的自我调节能力,这表现在能够形成一种自我调节风格,使他们能够补偿阻碍目标实现的个人影响和性格特征。在调控过程中,规划和建模的表达水平较高。员工需要对活动进行有意识的规划,本案例中的计划是现实的、详细的、有层次性的、有效的和稳定的,活动的目标是独立提出的。他们能够确定在当前情况和长期未来实现目标的重要条件,这体现在行动方案对行动计划的充分性,所获得的结果与所采用的目标的一致性。规划、结果评估、独立性和灵活性在员工中处于平均水平。工人的特点是主观控制水平一般。他们相信生活中大多数重要的事件都是他们自己行为的结果,他们可以控制这些事件,并对这些事件和他们生活的总体发展方式负有责任。需要注意的是,主观控制水平与员工职能储备水平之间存在负相关关系。随着主观控制水平的提高,内部储备水平降低。这可以用对生活事件负责需要更多包容和资源这一事实来解释。高度的主观控制会导致员工过度劳累。我们以前的研究结果证实了这一点。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Psychological Adaptation Peculiarities of the Offshore Ice-Resistant Oil and Gas Production Platform Workers in the Caspian Sea
The fly-in-fly-out personnel on the oil platform are exposed to extreme climatic and geographic and production factors, and also remain in group isolation conditions, which makes demands on the body of the fly-in-fly-out worker that often exceed its reserves. This excludes the possibility of full psychological adaptation to these conditions and causes the emergence of specialist's unfavorable functional states, which lead to a decrease in the mental health level, productivity and professional performance. The worker's labor tasks of various professions differ in physical and physiological stress, as well as in the degree of harmful production factors action. The goal is to identify the psychological adaptability of the offshore ice-resistant oil and gas production platform fly-in-fly-out employees in the Caspian Sea. The study was conducted on the offshore ice-resistant platform in the Caspian Sea (April 2019), 50 employees took part in it (fly-in duration - 14 days \ fly-out period – 14 days). Research methods are questionnaire, psychological and psychophysiological testing. By psychological adaptation we understand a personality traits system necessary for the productive performance of our leading activities. Due to the fact that fly-in-fly-out oil and gas workers are affected by climate, production and socio-psychological factors, we will study psychological adaptability through subjective criteria: indicators of regulatory processes, subjective control, socio-psychological adaptation, as well as personal characteristics, and objective criteria: functional state level (working capacity, job stress and other). The psychological adaptability peculiarities were revealed among employees with an optimal and reduced level of functional reserves and working capacity. The oil and gas production platform employees are distinguished by a high level of self-regulation, which is expressed in the ability to form a self-regulation style that allows them to compensate for the personal influence, characterological characteristics that impede the goal achievement. Among the regulatory processes, a high expression level is observed in planning and modeling. The employees have a need for conscious planning of activities, the plans in this case are realistic, detailed, hierarchical, effective and stable, the goals of the activity are put forward independently. They are able to identify significant conditions for achieving goals both in the current situation and in the long-term future, which is manifested in the adequacy of the action programs to the action plans, the results correspondence obtained to the adopted goals. Programming, evaluation of results, independence and flexibility are developed among employees at an average level. The workers are characterized by an average subjective control level. They believe that most of the important events in their life are the result of their own actions, that they can control them, and feel their own responsibility for these events and for the way their life in general develops. It should be noted that there is a negative relationship between the subjective control level and the functional reserves level of employees. With an increase in the subjective control level, the internal reserves decrease level. This can be explained by the fact that taking responsibility for life events requires more inclusion and resources. A high level of subjective control can lead to overexertion of employees. This is confirmed by the results of our previous studies.
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