Meta-Analysis the Association between Obesity and Periodontitis in Adults

Background: The risk of periodontal disease was 2.9 times higher in the obese group compared to the normal group. Periodontitis is one of the 10 most common chronic diseases affecting the world's population. Obesity contri­butes to an increased complexity of periodontal pathogens and an increase in inflammatory cytokines. Lifestyle changes, including a higher intake of added sugars, increase susceptibility to energy imbalances that often lead to weight gain and other long-term health consequences including periodon­titis. This study aims to estimate the relationship between obesity and periodontitis in adults based on the results of a number of previous studies. Subjects and Method: This is a systematic study and meta-analysis. The articles used in this study were obtained from several data­bases, including PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. The articles used in this study are articles that have been published from 2000-2021. The search for articles was carried out by considering the eligibility criteria defined using the PICO model. The study population was adults with an intervention in the form of obesity, a comparison that was not obese, and the outcomes in the form of periodontitis. This article was collected for 1 month. The keywords to search for articles were as follows: “Adult” AND “obesity” OR “body mass index” AND “periodontitis” OR “perio­dontal disease” AND “adjusted odds ratio”. The articles included in this study are full-text articles with a cross-sectional study design. Articles were collected using PRISMA flow dia­grams. Articles were analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 application. Results: A total of 11 articles were reviewed in this study. Studies have shown that obesity can increase the incidence of periodontitis in adults by 1.23 times compared to non-obese (aOR 1.23; 95% CI 1.15 to 1.33; p<0.001). Conclusion: Obesity increases periodontitis in adults Keywords: obesity, body mass index, periodontitis, periodontal disease Correspondence:  Lia Khairunnisa. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: liakhairunisa36@gmail.com . Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2021), 06(02): 201-210 https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2021.06.02.07