植物成分提供降糖活性的机制:全面概述

Shraddha Singh Raghav, Bhavna Kumar, N. Sethiya, A. Kaul
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引用次数: 1

摘要

糖尿病是一种长期(慢性)、具有挑战性的生活方式(代谢)紊乱,身体无法调节血液中的糖含量,主要影响内分泌系统和代谢功能。其并发症主要影响神经元(如发展中的神经病变)、肾脏(如肾病)和眼睛(如视网膜病变)。糖尿病还会导致其他相关问题,如糖尿病足溃疡、性功能障碍、心脏病等。在传统医学中,寻找有效的降糖药是一项持续而具有挑战性的工作。植物源性生物活性物质,包括生物碱、酚类、苷类、花青素、类黄酮、皂苷、单宁、多糖和萜烯,已被确定用于碳水化合物代谢的细胞和分子机制。许多糖尿病患者选择草药或传统药物系统作为主流降糖药物的替代治疗方法。然而,由于与溶解度和生物利用度相关的限制性障碍,生物活性化合物不能提供必要的效果。在这篇综述中,介绍了研究充分的植物成分,这些植物成分被确定为预防和治疗糖尿病及其相关疾病的潜在降糖药,但它们的溶解度和生物利用度受到限制。这些信息可以在未来进一步用于开发几种增值配方和营养保健品,以达到预防和治疗糖尿病及其相关疾病所需的安全性和有效性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A Mechanistic Insight on Phytoconstituents Delivering Hypoglycemic Activity: A Comprehensive Overview
Diabetes is a long-term (chronic), challenging lifestyle (metabolic) disorder in which the body cannot regulate the amount of sugar in the blood and majorly affecting endocrine system and metabolic functions. Its complications majorly affect the neurons (as developing neuropathy), kidney (as nephropathy), and eye (as retinopathy). Diabetes also results in other associated problems, such as diabetic foot ulcers, sexual dysfunction, heart diseases etc. In the traditional medicines, the search for effective hypoglycemic agents is a continuous and challenging approach. Plant-derived bioactives, including alkaloids, phenols, glycosides, anthocyanins, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, polysaccharides, and terpenes, have been established to target cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in carbohydrate metabolism. Numerous diabetic patients select the herbal or traditional medicine system as an alternative therapeutic approach along with the mainstream anti-diabetic drugs. However, due to restrictive hurdles related to solubility and bioavailability, the bioactive compound cannot deliver the requisite effect. In this review, information is presented concerning well researched phytoconstituents established as potential hypoglycemic agents for the prevention and treatment of diabetes and its associated disorders having restricted solubility and bioavailability related issues. This information can be further utilized in future to develop several value added formulation and nutraceutical products to achieve the desired safety and efficacy for the prevention and treatment of diabetes and its related diseases.
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