{"title":"《国家湿地保护法》中的“聊胜于无”政治","authors":"Stephen Leitheiser","doi":"10.1080/13880292.2017.1413781","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"During his recent presidential campaign, now US President Donald J. Trump seized the opportune moment of discontent with the establishment when he used the phrase “drain the swamp” to illustrate his pledge to remove “corrupt, career politicians” preventing the United States from being “great again.” Trump’s campaign to “drain the swamp” provides an ironically accurate illustration of the United States’ policies on wetland management for more than 120 years—policies that encouraged the conversion of what were considered wasted swamplands into productive uplands that could be used for agriculture and other economic activity.1 This “drain the swamp” mentality has also been displayed historically throughout Europe and, more recently, Asia, Africa, and Oceania—so much so, in fact, that a recent study estimates that, in the last 300 years, humans have eliminated 87 percent of wetlands globally,2 with 30 percent of these losses occurring since 1970.3 The rapid disappearance of global wetlands has become increasingly alarming as science continues to indicate that wetlands are not wasted and unproductive areas but rather areas of immense importance to both humans and wildlife and among the most productive ecosystems worldwide.4 Once recognition of wetland importance was established, protection campaigns followed beginning with an international treaty: the Convention onWetlands (hereinafter the “Ramsar Convention”), signed in Ramsar, Iran in 1971.5 The Ramsar","PeriodicalId":52446,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Wildlife Law and Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2018-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"1","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"The Politics of “Better Than Nothing” in National Wetland Protection Law\",\"authors\":\"Stephen Leitheiser\",\"doi\":\"10.1080/13880292.2017.1413781\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"During his recent presidential campaign, now US President Donald J. Trump seized the opportune moment of discontent with the establishment when he used the phrase “drain the swamp” to illustrate his pledge to remove “corrupt, career politicians” preventing the United States from being “great again.” Trump’s campaign to “drain the swamp” provides an ironically accurate illustration of the United States’ policies on wetland management for more than 120 years—policies that encouraged the conversion of what were considered wasted swamplands into productive uplands that could be used for agriculture and other economic activity.1 This “drain the swamp” mentality has also been displayed historically throughout Europe and, more recently, Asia, Africa, and Oceania—so much so, in fact, that a recent study estimates that, in the last 300 years, humans have eliminated 87 percent of wetlands globally,2 with 30 percent of these losses occurring since 1970.3 The rapid disappearance of global wetlands has become increasingly alarming as science continues to indicate that wetlands are not wasted and unproductive areas but rather areas of immense importance to both humans and wildlife and among the most productive ecosystems worldwide.4 Once recognition of wetland importance was established, protection campaigns followed beginning with an international treaty: the Convention onWetlands (hereinafter the “Ramsar Convention”), signed in Ramsar, Iran in 1971.5 The Ramsar\",\"PeriodicalId\":52446,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of International Wildlife Law and Policy\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2018-01-02\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"1\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of International Wildlife Law and Policy\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/13880292.2017.1413781\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"Social Sciences\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of International Wildlife Law and Policy","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13880292.2017.1413781","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"Social Sciences","Score":null,"Total":0}
The Politics of “Better Than Nothing” in National Wetland Protection Law
During his recent presidential campaign, now US President Donald J. Trump seized the opportune moment of discontent with the establishment when he used the phrase “drain the swamp” to illustrate his pledge to remove “corrupt, career politicians” preventing the United States from being “great again.” Trump’s campaign to “drain the swamp” provides an ironically accurate illustration of the United States’ policies on wetland management for more than 120 years—policies that encouraged the conversion of what were considered wasted swamplands into productive uplands that could be used for agriculture and other economic activity.1 This “drain the swamp” mentality has also been displayed historically throughout Europe and, more recently, Asia, Africa, and Oceania—so much so, in fact, that a recent study estimates that, in the last 300 years, humans have eliminated 87 percent of wetlands globally,2 with 30 percent of these losses occurring since 1970.3 The rapid disappearance of global wetlands has become increasingly alarming as science continues to indicate that wetlands are not wasted and unproductive areas but rather areas of immense importance to both humans and wildlife and among the most productive ecosystems worldwide.4 Once recognition of wetland importance was established, protection campaigns followed beginning with an international treaty: the Convention onWetlands (hereinafter the “Ramsar Convention”), signed in Ramsar, Iran in 1971.5 The Ramsar
期刊介绍:
Drawing upon the findings from island biogeography studies, Norman Myers estimates that we are losing between 50-200 species per day, a rate 120,000 times greater than the background rate during prehistoric times. Worse still, the rate is accelerating rapidly. By the year 2000, we may have lost over one million species, counting back from three centuries ago when this trend began. By the middle of the next century, as many as one half of all species may face extinction. Moreover, our rapid destruction of critical ecosystems, such as tropical coral reefs, wetlands, estuaries, and rainforests may seriously impair species" regeneration, a process that has taken several million years after mass extinctions in the past.