El yacimiento calcolítico de Karea en el contexto de las cuevas sepulcrales de Gipuzkoa (País Vasco)

espanolEn el yacimiento arqueologico de Karea (Aia, Gipuzkoa), integrado por las cavidades contiguas de Karea-A y Karea-B, se recuperaron numerosos restos ceramicos y faunisticos (Karea-A) y vestigios de una inhumacion calcolitica (Karea-B). El presente trabajo se ha vertebrado en dos ejes. En primer lugar, el estudio de ambos depositos mediante diferentes disciplinas: (1) estudio antropologico; (2) estudio del ajuar, compuesto por restos ceramicos y faunisticos; (3) identificacion antracologica de los restos lenosos recuperados en el deposito funerario y por ultimo, (4) estudios isotopicos que nos han permitido obtener datos de la alimentacion (δ13C y δ15N) y procedencia (87Sr/86Sr) del sujeto inhumado en el yacimiento. En segundo lugar, siendo este el objetivo preferente de este trabajo, contextualizar y establecer una comparativa con otras manifestaciones sepulcrales prehistoricas en cueva de la region. EuskaraKarea-A eta Karea-B haitzuloez konposatutako historiaurreko Kareako (Aia, Gipuzkoa) aztarnategi arkeologikoan, zeramika, fauna zein kalkolitoko ehorzketa baten aztarnak berreskuratu ziren. Honako lan honek ondorioz, bi ardatz ditu. Alde batetik, deposituen azterketa diziplina desberdinen bidez: (1) azterketa antropologikoa; (2) hatua osatzen duten zeramika nahiz fauna aztarnen azterketa; (3) ehorzketan berreskuratutako egur-ikatzen behaketa eta, (4) ehortzitako gizabanakoaren elikaduraren (δ13C y δ15N) eta jatorriaren (87Sr/86Sr) inguruan berri ematen diguten analisi isotopikoak. Bestetik, eta artikulu honen helburu nagusi izanez, kobazuloa bere testuinguruan kokatu zein, eskualdean dauden gainontzeko ehorzketa kobazuloekin alderaketa burutu. EnglishArchaeological site of Karea (Aia, Gipuzkoa) was discovered in 2007 by Antxieta Jakintza Taldea (a Basque cultural-speleological aggrupation from Azpeitia -Gipuzkoa-). This site has two contiguous cavities where different archaeological remains were discovered: Karea-A and Karea-B. Karea-A, which has small dimensions and an easy entrance, was excavated in 2008 by Antxieta Jakintza Taldea and Maria Jose Iriarte-Chiapusso (archaeologist and IKERBASQUE researcher). Faunal remains and abundant pottery remains were recovered there, suggesting a short time human occupation during prehistorical times. At the same time, the speleological group found a second cave which has a small and hidden entrance: Karea-B. The researchers supposed that the cavities were linked in the past, but, an internal collapse divided both caves. They also found some human bones in a small side gallery. The excavation of Karea-B in 2009 resulted in the discovery of a chalcolithic inhumation. Some pottery and fauna remains, which were identified like grave goods, were also found with the human body. Under this burial, charcoal fragments were recovered, suggesting a ritual or hygienic aim because there is no fire signal into the bones. We here present a multidisciplinary study of this archaeological deposit consisting of: (1) anthropological study; (2) pottery and faunal grave good assemblage study; (3) anthracological study of the wood recovered at the burial; (4) isotopic study to gain information on diet (δ13C and δ15N) and provenance ( 87Sr/86Sr) from the buried individual. Finally, we have contextualized this new finding amongst other cave burials from Gipuzkoa and especially in Urola Valley.