使用骨形态发生蛋白刺激骨再生:现代概念

U. Mukhametov, S. Lyulin, D. Borzunov, I. Gareev
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引用次数: 1

摘要

创伤后骨折或骨缺损的修复是现代骨科和创伤学亟待解决的问题之一。骨形态发生蛋白(BMPs)是一组生长和分化因子,是转化生长因子- (TGF-)超家族的一个大亚家族。迄今为止,基于结构相似性,已鉴定出20多种不同的bmp,并发现其中一些BMP-2、-4、-6、-7和-9具有最明显的成骨特性。bmp诱导未分化间充质干细胞迁移、增殖和分化,形成成骨细胞和成软骨细胞。bmp对骨愈合过程的各个阶段都有显著的诱导作用,如炎症、血管生成、骨痂形成和骨重塑。众所周知,重组(rh) rhBMP-2和rhBMP-7(已被美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)批准用于人类临床应用)与骨移植物一起用于激活损伤中的修复性成骨和替代脊柱手术中的骨缺损。因此,由于其独特的性能,将bmp用于骨组织再生是实用医学中最有前途和发展最快的方向之一。这篇综述讨论了关于bmp在刺激骨再生中的应用的最重要的概念,包括它们的作用机制、使用方式、功效及其优缺点。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Stimulation of bone regeneration using bone morphogenetic proteins: modern concepts
It is known that the restoration of fractures or bone defects after trauma is one of the urgent problems of modern orthopedics and traumatology. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are a group of growth and differentiation factors that are a large subfamily of the transforming growth factor- (TGF-) superfamily. To date, more than 20 types of different BMPs have been identified based on structural similarities, and it has been found that some of them, like BMP-2, -4, -6, -7, and -9, have the most pronounced osteogenic properties. BMPs induce migration, proliferation, and differentiation of undifferentiated mesenchymal stem cells to form osteoblasts and chondroblasts. BMPs have significant inductive effects on various stages of the bone healing process, such as inflammation, angiogenesis, callus formation, and bone remodeling. It is known that recombinant (rh) rhBMP-2 and rhBMP-7 (approved for clinical use in humans by the USA Food and Drug Administration (FDA)), together with the use of bone grafts, they are used to activate reparative osteogenesis in injuries and to replace bone defects in spinal surgery. Therefore, due to its unique properties, the use of BMPs in bone tissue regeneration is one of the most promising and rapidly developing directions in practical medicine. This review discusses the most important concepts regarding the use of BMPs in stimulating bone regeneration, including their mechanisms of action, modes of use, efficacy, and their advantages and disadvantages.
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