Risk Factors of Tuberculosis Treatment Failure among Tuberculosis Patients in Khuzestan Province: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Article Type Original Research Authors Sayed Ali Mousavi, MSc1* Mohammad Fararouei, PhD2 Hadi Rashidi, MSc3 Saeideh Shojaei, MSc4 Faeze Bahrami Astaraki, BSc5 How to cite this article Mousavi SA., Fararouei M., Tabatabyi H., Rashidi H., Shojae S., Bahrami Astaraki F. Risk Factors of Tuberculosis Treatment Failure among Tuberculosis Patients in Khuzestan Province: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Infection Epidemiology and Microbiology 2021;7(4): 289-296 1 Department of Public Health, Shoushtar Faculty of Medical Science, Shoushtar, Iran 2 HIV/AIDS Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science 3 Department of Epidemiology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran 4 Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology, School of Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 5Undergraduate Student of Nutrition science, Shoushtar University of Medical * Correspondence Address: Department of Public Health, Shoushtar Faculty of Medical Science, Shoushtar, Iran mousavi_a@Shoushtarums.ac.ir Article History Received: July 05 2021 Accepted: September 25 ,2021 Published: November 25 ,2021 Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious and communicable disease and one of the top ten causes of death throughout the world. Monitoring and evaluating TB treatment outcomes provides the required data for taking the necessary measures to control TB. Thus, this study was carried out to find determinants of treatment failure among patients with smear-positive pulmonary TB in Khuzestan province during 2006-2014 Material and Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted over a 9-year period in Khuzestan province. Predictors of treatment failure were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression Findings: Among 5342 patients, the cumulative incidence of unsuccessful TB treatment was 1.85%. More than half of TB patients (59.2%) enrolled in this study were male, and most of them were living in urban areas (79.8%). Significant predictors of treatment failure were age (p=·001), weight (p= ·039), number of delayed days in diagnosis (p=·01), isoniazid resistance (p≤·001), and number of bacilli in patients` sputum at the beginning of treatment (p≤·001). Conclusion: In this study, the rate of successful treatment was quite high; nevertheless, new cases of treatment failure could be prevented with special efforts such as prompt diagnosis and precise follow-up under Direct Observation Treatment Short course (DOTS) strategy. Copyright© 2021, TMU Press. This open-access article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License which permits Share (copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) and Adapt (remix, transform, and build upon the material) under the Attribution-NonCommercial terms. 10.52547/iem.7.4.289